Der Mensch in Zahlen

Schaal, Steffen; Kunsch, Konrad; Kunsch, Steffen

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55399-8

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Our pattern of high cortisol effects is also consistent with the facial appearance of Cushing’s disease (which involves, among other symptoms, chronic overproduction of cortisol). Common signs and symptoms of Cushing’s are a round “moon face” along with weight gain/central obesity, hypertension, thin skin and stretch marks, and muscle weakness4546. Cortisol administration in healthy men has been related to an expansion of extracellular plasma volume36.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of correlation of facial shape with physiological measurements are more integrated than patterns of correlation with ratings

Windhager

Bookstein

Millesi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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This article exploits a method recently incorporated in the geometric morphometric toolkit that complements previous approaches to quantifying the facial features associated with specific body characteristics and trait attribution during social perception. The new method differentiates more globally encoded from more locally encoded information by a summary scaling dimension that is estimated by fitting a line to the plot of log bending energy against log variance explained, partial warp by partial warp, for some sample of varying shapes. In the present context these variances come from the regressions of shape on some exogenous cause or effect of form. We work an example involving data from male faces. Here the regression slopes are steepest, and the sums of explained variances over the uniform component, partial warp 1 and partial warp 2 are greatest, for the conventional body mass index, followed by cortisol and, lastly, perceived health. This suggests that physiological characteristics may be represented at larger scale (global patterns), whereas cues in perception are of smaller scale (local patterns). Such a polarity within psychomorphospace, the global versus the focal, now has a metric by which patterns of morphology can be modeled in both biological and psychological studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of correlation of facial shape with physiological measurements are more integrated than patterns of correlation with ratings

Windhager

Bookstein

Millesi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, both purchased from Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG, were prepared in stock concentrations of 150, 15 and 1.5 mmol L −1 . Synthetic sweat solution (54,55) contained 85.56 mmol L −1 sodium chloride (Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG), 0.72 mmol L −1 calcium chloride (Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG), 0.13 mmol L −1 magnesium chloride (Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG), 0.02 mmol L −1 zinc chloride (Merck KgaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 9.39 mmol L −1 l ‐histidine (Sigma‐Aldrich Cooperation, St. Louis, MO), 6.84 mmol L −1 sodium lactate (Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG) and 19.65 mmol L −1 urea (Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG). Additionally, the synthetic sweat solution was also prepared without histidine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria in Ionic Environments Using the Photosensitizer SAPYR and the Chelator Citrate^†

Eckl

Landgraf

Hoffmann

et al. 2022

Photochem & Photobiology

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Many studies show that photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a powerful tool for the fight against pathogenic, multiresistant bacteria and the closing of hygiene gaps. However, PDI studies have been frequently performed under standardized in vitro conditions comprising artificial laboratory settings. Under real-life conditions, however, PDI encounters substances like ions, proteins, amino acids and fatty acids, potentially hampering the efficacy of PDI to an unpredictable extent. Thus, we investigated PDI with the phenalene-1-onebased photosensitizer SAPYR against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of calcium or magnesium ions, which are ubiquitous in potential fields of PDI applications like in tap water or on tissue surfaces. The addition of citrate should elucidate the potential as a chelator. The results indicate that PDI is clearly affected by such ubiquitous ions depending on its concentration and the type of bacteria. The application of citrate enhanced PDI, especially for Gram-negative bacteria at certain ionic concentrations (e.g. CaCl 2 or MgCl 2 : 7.5 to 75 mmol L −1 ). Citrate also improved PDI efficacy in tap water (especially for Gramnegative bacteria) and synthetic sweat solution (especially for Gram-positive bacteria). In conclusion, the use of chelating agents like citrate may facilitate the application of PDI under real-life conditions.

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“…The TV describes the ’volume of air that is breathed in and out in a single quiet breath’[ 1 ]. The average TV of a resting male adult is estimated as [ 30 ]. To obtain the TV of children the following estimation for mechanical ventilation is employed [ 9 ]: The studied characteristic children, which represent the average weight and height of the given ages, are provided in Table 4 .…”

Section: Aerosol Deposition In Lungs Of Different Age Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can CFD establish a connection to a milder COVID-19 disease in younger people? Aerosol deposition in lungs of different age groups based on Lagrangian particle tracking in turbulent flow

et al. 2021

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To respond to the ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, this contribution deals with recently highlighted COVID-19 transmission through respiratory droplets in form of aerosols. Unlike other recent studies that focused on airborne transmission routes, this work addresses aerosol transport and deposition in a human respiratory tract. The contribution therefore conducts a computational study of aerosol deposition in digital replicas of human airways, which include the oral cavity, larynx and tracheobronchial airways down to the 12th generation of branching. Breathing through the oral cavity allows the air with aerosols to directly impact the larynx and tracheobronchial airways and can be viewed as one of the worst cases in terms of inhalation rate and aerosol load. The implemented computational model is based on Lagrangian particle tracking in Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes resolved turbulent flow. Within this framework, the effects of different flow rates, particle diameters and lung sizes are investigated to enable new insights into local particle deposition behavior and therefore virus loads among selected age groups. We identify a signicant increase of aerosol deposition in the upper airways and thus a strong reduction of virus load in the lower airways for younger individuals. Based on our findings, we propose a possible relation between the younger age related fluid mechanical protection of the lower lung regions due to the airway size and a reduced risk of developing a severe respiratory illness originating from COVID-19 airborne transmission.

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Der Mensch in Zahlen

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Patterns of correlation of facial shape with physiological measurements are more integrated than patterns of correlation with ratings

Patterns of correlation of facial shape with physiological measurements are more integrated than patterns of correlation with ratings

Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria in Ionic Environments Using the Photosensitizer SAPYR and the Chelator Citrate^†

Can CFD establish a connection to a milder COVID-19 disease in younger people? Aerosol deposition in lungs of different age groups based on Lagrangian particle tracking in turbulent flow

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Der Mensch in Zahlen

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Patterns of correlation of facial shape with physiological measurements are more integrated than patterns of correlation with ratings

Patterns of correlation of facial shape with physiological measurements are more integrated than patterns of correlation with ratings

Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria in Ionic Environments Using the Photosensitizer SAPYR and the Chelator Citrate†

Can CFD establish a connection to a milder COVID-19 disease in younger people? Aerosol deposition in lungs of different age groups based on Lagrangian particle tracking in turbulent flow

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Product

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Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria in Ionic Environments Using the Photosensitizer SAPYR and the Chelator Citrate^†