Der Solaningehalt der Kartoffeln

Bömer, A.; Mattis, H.

doi:10.1007/bf02034316

Cited by 56 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The concentration of solanine and a-chaconine in tubers decreased with the advancement of the plant towards physiological maturity, these data agree with results obtained by Bomer and Mattis (1924). This also corresponds with the observation that unripe tubers -normally -have a higher content of alcaloids than such in the full stage of maturity.…”

Section: Seasonal Changessupporting

confidence: 94%

Seasonal changes and the effect of nitrogen‐ and potash‐fertilization on the solanine and α‐chaconine content in various parts of the potato plant

Ahmed

Müller

1979

J Plant Nutrition & Soil

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The concentration of solanine and a-chaconine in leaves and tubers decreased with the progress of the potato plant towards maturity. In stems an increase of these alcaloids up to the first part of the second stage of the vegetation period could be observed.With a higher level of nitrogen the concentration of both glycoalcaloids in leaves and stems increased, while in tubers a depression of the glycoalcaloid content was estimated.An increased level of potassium did not change markedly the concentration of glycoalcaloids in leaves and stems of the potato plant but decreased both alcaloids in the tuber.uber vegetationszeitliche Veriinderungen und den EinfluS einer untersrhiedlichen Stickstoffund Kalidiingung auf den Solanin-und a-Chaconingehalt in verschiedenen Teilen der Kartoffelpflanze.

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Section: Seasonal Changessupporting

confidence: 94%

Seasonal changes and the effect of nitrogen‐ and potash‐fertilization on the solanine and α‐chaconine content in various parts of the potato plant

Ahmed

Müller

1979

J Plant Nutrition & Soil

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“…acetic acid. No appreciable reducing ability developed, a confirmation of the work of ZWENGER and KIND (51), and of BOMER and MATTIS (8). Indeed, solanine is unique in the conditions requisite for significant hydrolysis.…”

Section: Plant Physiologymentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Evaporating the filtrate to dryness and dissolving in dilute acid. 8. Reprecipitating with hot ammonium hydroxide and collecting on a weighed filter paper.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Light on Solanine Synthesis in the Potato Tuber

Conner

1937

Plant Physiol.

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In 1820 DESFOSSES (15) discovered solanine, a basic substance in juice expressed from the berries of Solanum nigrum. He found (14) it almost insoluble in all solvents tried, except alcohol and acids. Six years later BAUP reported (5) it also to be present in the potato (Solanum tuberosum), but he found much more in the sprouts than in the tubers.The chemical nature of the substance is even yet only partially known. ZWENGER and KIND (51) found that it is stable when boiled with potassium hydroxide, and that it cannot reduce Fehling's solution, but (50) that it can be hydrolized by strong acids, giving rise to salts of an alkaloid (solanidine) and a solution which is able to reduce Fehling's solution. Identification of the hydrolytic products has been a gradual achievement of several investigators. It appears (24) that a molecule of solanine is composed of one molecule each of solanidine, glucose, galactose, and rhamnose; and that three molecules of water are split out in the formation of the glucoside whose constituent groups are linked in the order in which they have been mentioned (35, 49). The empirical formula of solanidine is still a matter of disagreement (6,35,42,46,49), but it is known to be a tertiary base with a secondary alcohol group (42, 46).The glucoside is interesting for several reasons: 1. It is the only basic-reacting glucoside known (31).1 2. It has the foam-producing and haemolytic properties of saponins, yet contains nitrogen.3. It frequently occurs in poisonous concentrations in market potatoes. 4. It is claimed that lesser concentrations increase intestinal absorption (28) by precipitating sterols ( ?).5. It is uniquely toxic to conidiospores of Cladosporium fulvum which have been raised on glucose agar (1, 41) although spores taken directly from infected tomato leaves tolerate it better.6. It contains two sugar groups that have not been found free in the plant. If the availability of rhamnose or galactose, or both, limits the elaboration of solanine then a study of the factors which increase the amount of glucoside formed may indirectly contribute to an understanding of how monosaccharides, other than glucose, arise.

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“…An unusually high percentage of potato fields were affected by frost and in some regions heavy rainfalls during August caused extreme conditions with flooded fields and risk for anoxia damage to the tubes. The climatic conditions showed some resemblance with those reported from Germany in 1922-1923 in connection with high GA levels and several outbreaks of suspected GA poisoning (Bomer and Mattis 1924). Cold weather was also suggested to have caused high GA levels through frost or hail damage to potato haulm or through delayed maturity of tubers in Canada (Hutchinson and Hilton 1955) There was, however, no obvious relationship between any specific environmental conditions and GA elevation in Magnum Bonum potatoes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

High levels of glycoalkaloids in the established swedish potato variety magnum bonum

et al. 1995

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In 1986, potentially toxic levels of the glycoalkaloids a-solanine and a-chaconine were unexpectedly found in tubers of the established Swedish consumer potato variety Magnum Bonum, leading to the imposition of a conditional sales ban on such potatoes. The combined amounts of a-solanine and a-chaconine in more than 300 commercial lots of Magnum Bonum potatoes analysed as a consequence of the ban ranged from 61 to 665 mg kg-' fresh weight with an average of 254 mg kg-'. Sixty-six percent of the samples exceeded a temporary maximum residue limit of 200 mg kg-', 8% were above 400 mg kg-'. Peeling did not significantly remove the glycoalkaloids in tubers with a high content. The occasional glycoalkaloid elevation was initially attributed to the unusually cold and rainy conditions during the late part of the season in 1986, but subsequent investigations have failed to confirm this hypothesis. Varietal characteristics are likely to have been involved since most other common Swedish varieties seemed to have had normal glycoalkaloid levels in 1986. There were no indications of serious or widespread adverse health effects in consumers due to the high glycoalkaloid levels, although there was circumstantial evidence that a few cases of temporary gastrointestinal disturbances were caused by consumption of Magnum Bonum potatoes with glycoalkaloid concentrations in the range 310-1000 mg kg-'.

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Der Solaningehalt der Kartoffeln

Cited by 56 publications

References 8 publications

Seasonal changes and the effect of nitrogen‐ and potash‐fertilization on the solanine and α‐chaconine content in various parts of the potato plant

Seasonal changes and the effect of nitrogen‐ and potash‐fertilization on the solanine and α‐chaconine content in various parts of the potato plant

Effect of Light on Solanine Synthesis in the Potato Tuber

High levels of glycoalkaloids in the established swedish potato variety magnum bonum

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