Dereplication of antimicrobial biosurfactants from marine bacteria using molecular networking

Abstract

Biosurfactants are amphiphilic surface-active molecules of microbial origin principally produced by hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria; in addition to the bioremediation properties, they can also present antimicrobial activity. The present study highlights the chemical characterization and the antimicrobial activities of biosurfactants produced by deep-sea marine bacteria from the genera Halomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Pseudomonas. The biosurfactants were extracted and chemically characterized through Chromatography TLC, FT-IR, LC/ESI–MS/MS, and a metabolic analysis was done through molecular networking. Six biosurfactants were identified by dereplication tools from GNPS and some surfactin isoforms were identified by molecular networking. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of biosurfactant from Halomonas sp. INV PRT125 (7.27 mg L−1) and Halomonas sp. INV PRT124 (8.92 mg L−1) were most effective against the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans ATCC 10231. For Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, the biosurfactant from Bacillus sp. INV FIR48 was the most effective with IC50 values of 25.65 mg L−1 and 21.54 mg L−1 for C. albicans, without hemolytic effect (< 1%), and non-ecotoxic effect in brine shrimp larvae (Artemia franciscana), with values under 150 mg L−1, being a biosurfactant promising for further study. The extreme environments as deep-sea can be an important source for the isolation of new biosurfactants-producing microorganisms with environmental and pharmaceutical use.

Biosurfactants from marine bacteria to control anthracnose in Mango Fruits

“…Next, the supernatant was removed, and distilled water was added to the pellet, adjusting to a pH of 8,0; this suspension was freeze-dried. Finally, the dry product was dissolved in chloroform: methanol mixture (65:15), ltered with a Wathman N°4, and the ltrate was concentrated under reduced pressure by rotary evaporation to obtain the biosurfactants enriched extract (Patiño et al, 2021).…”

“…INV FIR48) and indicated the possible presence of peptide metabolites related to surfactin, an important biosurfactant (Quintero et al, 2021). In the same year, we used molecular networking to chemically characterize biosurfactants produced by some bacteria and con rm their antimicrobial activity (Patiño et al, 2021). Finally, considering the previous results, in this study, we evaluated the antifungal activity of biosurfactant-enriched extracts from marine bacteria, which previously had been shown to have biological activity, to look for more effective control strategies against Anthracnose in Mango fruits.…”

Optimized Feeding Strategies for Biosurfactant Production from Acetate by Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2

“…For example, the interactions of biosurfactants with antibiotics open new avenues in medical research and therapy, potentially enhancing the efficacy of existing antibiotic Fermentation 2024, 10, 257 2 of 30 treatments and reducing antibiotic use [10]. These combinatorial effects, arising from biosurfactants' unique structure and diverse biochemical properties, offer exciting prospects for innovative approaches in combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens [11]. A notable example is the synergy observed between biosurfactants and conventional antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus, where the combined treatment significantly improved antibiotic efficacy, suggesting a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance [12,13].…”

Biosurfactant Production by Acinetobacter venetianus and Its Application in Bioremediation

“…In addition to these strategies, surfactants, such as COREXIT TM , are widely used in spills, as in the case of the Deepwater Horizon, however, there is the drawback of using high volumes 6. Additionally, despite the effectiveness of surfactants, they can be toxic even at low concentrations and persist for long periods in the environment, affecting the microbiota and reducing local diversity 7, 8.…”