Derivation of a Universally Valid Array Factor of a Conformal Arrays Based on Phase Compensation and Genetic Learning Particle Swarm Optimization

Park, Jinsu; Lim, Hong Jun; Trinh-Van, Son; Park, Dae-Sung; Jung, Youn Kwon; Lim, Dongju; Hwang, Keum Cheol

doi:10.3390/app12136501

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The development of conformal arrays of acoustic transducers has received considerable attention for a long time due to the remarkable advantages of their structures compared with planar arrays. These advantages include a broad beamwidth, wide angular coverage, full integration to the curved surface, space conservation, and reduction in the hydrodynamic dragging effect [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Conformal volumetric arrays on a doubly curved surface similar to a spherical array (SA) are regarded as the most effective geometric configuration for applications requiring a hemispherical beam coverage [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a Geodesic Faceted Acoustical Volumetric Array Using a Novel Analytical Method

Yusuf

Roh

2023

Sensors

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We present a novel analytical method as an efficient approach to design a geodesic-faceted array (GFA) for achieving a beam performance equivalent to that of a typical spherical array (SA). GFA is a triangle-based quasi-spherical configuration, which is conventionally created using the icosahedron method imitated from the geodesic dome roof construction process. In this conventional approach, the geodesic triangles have nonuniform geometries due to some distortions that occur during the random icosahedron division process. In this study, we took a paradigm shift from this approach and adopt a new technique to design a GFA that is based on uniform triangles. The characteristic equations that relate the geodesic triangle with a spherical platform were first developed as functions of the operating frequency and geometric parameters of the array. Then, the directional factor was derived to calculate the beam pattern associated with the array. A sample design of GFA for a given underwater sonar imaging system was synthesized through an optimization process. The GFA design was compared with that of a typical SA, and a reduction of 16.5% in the number of array elements was recorded in the GFA at a nearly equivalent performance. Both arrays were modeled, simulated, and analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) to validate the theoretical designs. Comparison of the results showed a high degree of compliance between the FEM and the theoretical method for both arrays. The proposed novel approach is faster and requires fewer computer resources than the FEM. Moreover, this approach is more flexible than the traditional icosahedron method in adjusting geometrical parameters in response to desired performance outputs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a Geodesic Faceted Acoustical Volumetric Array Using a Novel Analytical Method

Yusuf

Roh

2023

Sensors

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“…Except for the classical methods, optimization algorithms also play an important role in the design of beam-forming antenna arrays. The genetic algorithm [31][32][33], particle swarm optimization [34,35], simulated annealing [36] and other algorithms [37][38][39] are used to adjust radiation patterns to the desired shapes. Mansutti, Carlo and Hannan offered a transmit-array with beam scanning capabilities by using both particle swarm optimization and a genetic algorithm to optimize the design of an antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of a Circularly Polarized Antenna Array with Flat-Top Beam for an Electronic Toll Collection System

Xu,

Cai

2023

Sensors

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Electronic toll collection (ETC), known as a non-stop toll collection system which can automatically realize payment by setting the identification antenna at the entrance, is always suffering from information exchange interruption caused by beam switching. A circularly polarized sector beam antenna array operating at 5.8 GHz with flat-top coverage is proposed, based on the weighted constrained method of the maximum power transmission efficiency (WCMMPTE). By setting the test receiving antennas at the specific angles of the ETC antenna array to be designed, constraints on the received power are introduced to control the radiation pattern and obtain the optimized distribution of excitations for antenna elements. A 1-to-16 feeding network, based on the microstrip transmission line theory is designed to feed a 4 × 4 antenna array. Simulation results show that the half-power beamwidth covers an angular range of −30° to 30° while the axial ratio is below 3dB, which meets the ETC requirements. Furthermore, the gain fluctuation among the needed range of −30° to 30° is lower than 0.7 dB, which is suitable for the ETC system to achieve a stable signal strength and uninterrupted communication.

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Derivation of a Universally Valid Array Factor of a Conformal Arrays Based on Phase Compensation and Genetic Learning Particle Swarm Optimization

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Designing a Geodesic Faceted Acoustical Volumetric Array Using a Novel Analytical Method

Designing a Geodesic Faceted Acoustical Volumetric Array Using a Novel Analytical Method

The Design of a Circularly Polarized Antenna Array with Flat-Top Beam for an Electronic Toll Collection System

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