Derived Products of Helminth in the Treatment of Inflammation, Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis

Araújo, Claudia Andréa Alves de; Macedo-Soares, Maria Fernanda

doi:10.5772/38859

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 188 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…Our study seeks to investigate the pathway of inflammation of host MΦ induced by adult‐stage filarial parasite. To study the pathway of inflammation, we used crude lysate of S. cervi cuticle in PBS as SPs since the surface layers, that is sheath and/or cuticles mostly interacts during host‐parasite rather host‐MΦ interaction . However, S. cervi is non‐Wolbachial but experimental contamination from LPS may produce false‐positive results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, the parasite can be perpetuated in rat model with periodicity . Instead of using the whole worm, we used the surface, that is cuticle lysate as these part of the adult parasite most likely to interact with MΦs …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we have designed our study to investigate the mechanism of inflammation induced by the adult filarial parasites. As filarial surface molecules have been reported to be associated in host‐filarid interactions, we have used surface layer, that is cuticle of filarial parasites. However, the availability of the adult W. bancrofti is particularly rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface proteins of Setaria cervi induce inflammation in macrophage through Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)‐mediated signalling pathway

Mukherjee

Bhattacharya

et al. 2017

Parasite Immunology

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Lymphatic filariasis is a vectorborne parasitic disease that results in morbidities, disabilities and socio-economic loss each year globally. Inflammatory consequences associated with any form of filariasis have drawn special attention. However, the molecular insight behind the inflammation of host macrophage (MФ) is considered as one of the shaded areas in filarial research. Herein, major emphasis was given to study the signalling pathway of MФ inflammation induced by surface proteins (SPs) of filarial parasite through in vitro and in vivo approaches. Twenty-four hours of in vitro stimulation of Raw MФs with endotoxin-free SPs of Setaria cervi resulted in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) that revealed induction of inflammation, which was found to be elicited from classical NF-кB activation. Moreover, this NF-кB activation was found to be signalled from TLR4 and mediated by the downstream signalling intermediates, viz. MyD88, pTAK1 and NEMO. In vivo studies in adult Wistar rats, experimentally injected with SPs, clearly supported the outcomes of in vitro experiments by showing higher degree of inflammation rather classical activation of the peritoneal MФs. Therefore, SPs from S. cervi cuticle could be responsible for the induction of pro-inflammatory response in MФ, which appears to be propagated through TLR4-NF-кB route.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface proteins of Setaria cervi induce inflammation in macrophage through Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)‐mediated signalling pathway

Mukherjee

Bhattacharya

et al. 2017

Parasite Immunology

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“…For example, levels of antibody to tetanus toxoid vaccine were found to be lower in Plasmodium -infected children than in healthy children (Barr et al , 1991). In the case of helminth infection, several studies have investigated the effect of secreted helminthic products on the immune response (Maizels et al , 2004; Soares & Araujo, 2008; Araujo & Macedo-Soares, 2012). Our study demonstrated that PAS-1 is an E/S protein product of A. suum that has anti-inflammatory effects in an LPS-induced acute inflammation model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of products secreted by helminths have increased our understanding of the immunomodulatory mechanisms induced by chronic infection (Falcone et al , 2004; Maizels et al , 2004). These immunomodulatory factors can affect the host's inductive and effective immune response (de Macedo Soares & de Macedo, 2007; Soares & Araujo, 2008; Araujo & Macedo-Soares, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppressive PAS-1 is an excretory/secretory protein released by larval and adult worms of the ascarid nematodeAscaris suum

et al. 2014

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Helminths use several strategies to evade and/or modify the host immune response, including suppression or inactivation of the host antigen-specific response. Several helminth immunomodulatory molecules have been identified. Our studies have focused on immunosuppression induced by the roundworm Ascaris suum and an A. suum-derived protein named protein 1 from A. suum (PAS-1). Here we assessed whether PAS-1 is an excretory/secretory (E/S) protein and whether it can suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Larvae from infective eggs were cultured in unsupplemented Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) for 2 weeks. PAS-1 was then measured in the culture supernatants and in adult A. suum body fluid at different time points by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the monoclonal antibody MAIP-1. Secreted PAS-1 was detected in both larval culture supernatant and adult body fluid. It suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced leucocyte migration and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and stimulated interleukin (IL)-10 secretion, indicating that larval and adult secreted PAS-1 suppresses inflammation in this model. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory activity of PAS-1 was abolished by treatment with MAIP-1, a PAS-1-specific monoclonal antibody, confirming the crucial role of PAS-1 in suppressing LPS-induced inflammation. These findings demonstrate that PAS-1 is an E/S protein with anti-inflammatory properties likely to be attributable to IL-10 production.

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Exploring the homolog of a novel proinflammatory microfilarial sheath protein (MfP) of Wuchereria bancrofti in the adult-stage bovine filarial parasite Setaria cervi

2018

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A novel microfilarial sheath protein (MfP) of the human filarial parasite Wuchereria bancrofti and its proinflammatory activity on host macrophages were identified recently. MfP is a homolog of the nematode bestrophin-9 superfamily that acts as a ligand of macrophage Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to induce inflammation through NF-κB activation. Therefore, the presence and functional implication of this novel protein in adult-stage parasites were open questions to answer. In this study, the bovine filarial parasite Setaria cervi was used to simulate adult W. bancrofti. We detected the presence of MfP in adult-stage S. cervi through clear immunological cross-reactivity and immunolocalization employing an anti-MfP antibody developed in mice. Therefore, our findings put forward S. cervi as a cost-effective source of immunodominant filarial antigen MfP to simulate its future utilization in the immunotherapeutic intervention of lymphatic filariasis.

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Derived Products of Helminth in the Treatment of Inflammation, Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis

Cited by 3 publications

References 188 publications

Surface proteins of Setaria cervi induce inflammation in macrophage through Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)‐mediated signalling pathway

Surface proteins of Setaria cervi induce inflammation in macrophage through Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)‐mediated signalling pathway

Immunosuppressive PAS-1 is an excretory/secretory protein released by larval and adult worms of the ascarid nematodeAscaris suum

Exploring the homolog of a novel proinflammatory microfilarial sheath protein (MfP) of Wuchereria bancrofti in the adult-stage bovine filarial parasite Setaria cervi

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