Deriving Species Richness, Endemism, and Threatened Species Patterns from Incomplete Distribution Data in the Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Zafra‐Calvo, Noelia; Lobo, Jorge M.; Albuquerque, Fábio Suzart de; Cabezas, Francisco; Espigares, Tíscar; Olalla‐Tárraga, Miguel Á.; Val, Jaime Pérez del; Rueda, Marta Pacheco; Velayos, Mauricio; Rodrı́guez, Miguel Á.

doi:10.4322/natcon.00801004

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Currie ; Zafra‐Calvo et al. ; Giehl & Jarenkow ). However, all these measures of temperature are strongly correlated (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting relationships between clade age and temperature along latitudinal versus elevational gradients for woody angiosperms in forests of South America

Qian

2014

J Vegetation Science

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Question: Is clade age positively correlated with minimum temperature in angiosperm woody assemblages along elevational thermal gradients, as predicted by the phylogenetic niche conservatism hypothesis and observed along latitudinal gradients?Location: South America.Methods: I assembled one latitudinal gradient and one elevational gradient of angiosperm woody plant assemblages in forest plots, both of which started at equatorial humid forests at low elevations. The latitudinal gradient comprised 37 plots and the elevational gradient included 34 forest plots. Each plot is 0.1 ha. Correlation analysis was used to determine relationships among taxonomic richness, mean clade age (measured as mean family age of each forest plot), latitude, elevation and minimum temperature (measured as mean temperature of the coldest month).Results: Woody plant species richness strongly decreases with increasing latitude and elevation on the two gradients. Mean clade age is positively correlated with minimum temperature for the latitudinal gradient but is negatively correlated with minimum temperature for the elevational gradient. Conclusion:The result of this study based on the latitudinal gradient supports the prediction of the phylogenetic niche conservatism hypothesis for the relationship between clade age and temperature, whereas the result based on the elevational gradient is contrary to the prediction of this hypothesis. The contrasting patterns found in the present study for the clade age-minimum temperature relationship along the latitudinal vs elevational gradients suggest that more studies are needed in order to determine how general is the positive relationship between clade age and temperature predicted by the PNC along both latitudinal and elevational gradients across the globe.

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“…Currie ; Zafra‐Calvo et al. ; Giehl & Jarenkow ). However, all these measures of temperature are strongly correlated (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting relationships between clade age and temperature along latitudinal versus elevational gradients for woody angiosperms in forests of South America

Qian

2014

J Vegetation Science

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“…After being combined with digital environmental variables through some SDM method, new range maps can be generated for those species for which expert maps are not available. Subsequently, the distribution maps can be overlaid and summed in a predefined point or grid system (hereafter SDM richness map) for studies of species richness patterns, as is usually done with range maps generated by expert opinion (hereafter expert richness map) (La Sorte and Hawkins 2007, Hawkins et al 2008, Zafra‐Calvo et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Species distribution modelling as a macroecological tool: a case study using New World amphibians

Vasconcelos¹,

Rodrı́guez²,

Hawkins³

2011

Ecography

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Although species distribution modelling (SDM) is widely accepted among the scientific community and is increasingly used in ecology, conservation biology and biogeography, methodological limitations generate potential problems for its application in macroecology. Using amphibian species richness in North and South America, we compare species richness patterns derived from SDM maps and ‘expert’ maps to evaluate if: 1) richness patterns derived from SDM are biased toward climate‐based explanations for diversity when compared to expert maps, since SDM methods are typically based on climatic variables; and 2) SDM is a reliable tool for generating richness maps in hyperrich regions where point occurrence data are limited for many species. We found that although three widely used SDM methods overestimated amphibian species richness in grid cells when compared to expert richness maps in both North and South America due to systematic overestimation of range sizes, diversity gradients were reasonably robust at broad scales. Further, climatic variables statistically explained patterns of richness at similar levels among the different richness sources, although climatic relationships were stronger in the much better known North America than in South America. We conclude that in the face of the high deforestation rates coupled with incomplete data on species distributions, especially in the tropics, SDM represents a useful macroecological tool for investigating broad‐scale richness patterns and the dynamics between species richness and climate.

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“…In addition to examining the effects of the two synthetic climatic factors on species distribution, we also examined the effects of some individual climatic variables on the patterns of species diversity and phylogenetic metrics (see below). Previous studies showed that major temperature‐related variables include mean annual temperature (MAT), temperature seasonality (TSN) and minimum temperature of the coldest month (Tmin) (Currie, 2001; Zafra‐Calvo et al, 2010). And major precipitation‐related variables include annual precipitation (AP), precipitation of the driest month (PDM) and precipitation seasonality (PSN) (Qian et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevational patterns of phylogenetic structure of angiosperms in a biodiversity hotspot in eastern Himalaya

Qian

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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Aims The tropical niche conservatism (TNC) hypothesis and the out of the tropics (OTT) hypothesis propose mechanisms generating patterns of species diversity across warm‐to‐cold thermal gradients at large spatial scales. These two hypotheses both integrate ecological and biogeography‐related evolutionary factors, but they predict opposite patterns for phylogenetic structure. Mount Namjagbarwa possesses one of the longest elevational gradients for flowering plant diversity in the world. We aim to analyse the elevational patterns of the phylogenetic structure of flowering plants in this mountain, and investigate underlying causes for the emergence of the patterns. Location Mt. Namjagbarwa located at the eastern edge of the Himalaya. Methods Species distribution data of Mt. Namjagbarwa were extracted from specimen records in online sources, literature, herbarium and our fieldwork. Bioclimatic data were extracted from the CHELSA database. Mt. Namjagbarwa was divided into 100‐m elevational belts, which were grouped into three elevation segments (100–2000 m, 2000–4000 m and 4000–5200 m) for data analysis. We calculated phylogenetic metrics for each belt. The relationships of phylogenetic metrics with elevation and climatic factors were analysed using generalized additive models and structural equation models. Results A typical hump‐shaped pattern of species richness was observed along the elevational gradient of Mt. Namjagbarwa. However, the phylogenetic structure showed a zig‐zag pattern with the three elevation segments, each of which has different formation mechanisms. Temperature tolerance played important roles throughout the entire elevational gradient in species richness and phylogenetic structure. Main conclusions Neither TNC nor OTT alone can fully explain the patterns of floristic assembly of the entire elevational gradient of Mt. Namjagbarwa. OTT and TNC are better explanation for the patterns of low and middle elevations respectively. Potential mechanisms for species assembly of different elevation segments in Mt. Namjagbarwa region alternate between niche convergence and niche conservatism. The patterns observed in this study are likely to be common across the entire Himalaya. This is important for preserving the evolutionary potential of mountain biodiversity. However, more studies are needed to determine the underlying mechanisms generating the zig‐zag pattern of the phylogenetic structure in the Himalaya.

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Deriving Species Richness, Endemism, and Threatened Species Patterns from Incomplete Distribution Data in the Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Contrasting relationships between clade age and temperature along latitudinal versus elevational gradients for woody angiosperms in forests of South America

Contrasting relationships between clade age and temperature along latitudinal versus elevational gradients for woody angiosperms in forests of South America

Species distribution modelling as a macroecological tool: a case study using New World amphibians

Elevational patterns of phylogenetic structure of angiosperms in a biodiversity hotspot in eastern Himalaya

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