Dermal exposure of <i>Eisenia andrei</i> earthworms: Effects of heavy metals on metallothionein and phytochelatin synthase gene expressions in coelomocytes

Homa, Joanna; Rorat, Agnieszka; Kruk, Jerzy; Cocquerelle, Claude; Płytycz, Barbara; Vandenbulcke, Franck

doi:10.1002/etc.2944

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It is indicated that E. fetida are sensitive to heavy metal exposure. Similar results were found in E. andrei exposed to Cd and Pb contaminated soils (Gitenay et al 2007;Li et al 2013;Homa et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Biological Responses in the EarthwormEisenia fetidaExposed to Soils near a Typical Lead Acid Battery Plant

Gao

et al. 2016

Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal

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The environmental implications involved in battery plant are increasing concern due to the elevated metal concentrations in the surrounding soils. Earthworms are regarded as a model organism for evaluation of terrestrial environmental pollution. The biochemical responses in the earthworms, Eisenia fetida (E. fetida) exposed to polluted soils were investigated. Soil samples at 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 m from battery plant were collected and used to assess the relationship between sampling distance and biochemical responses in the E. fetida.Biochemical alterations were carried out on 1, 3, 7, and 14 d of exposure. The metallothionein (MT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD)) were measured. The results demonstrated that the concentrations of heavy metals, especially for Pb, decreased sharply with increase in distance, which may be due to the leaching and accumulation of Pb in soil during production processes. The concentrations of MT and MDA increased with exposure dosage and time, indicating that E. fetida is presented dose-and time dependence after heavy metal exposure. The activities of SOD and CAT increased after heavy metal induced, while the activity of POD was lower than that of control group. The SOD, CAT and POD present a co-operative effect for the protection of lipids Downloaded by [University of Nebraska, Lincoln] at 01:52 08 June 2016 ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 and enzymes due to the pollution. The soils around battery plant were polluted with metals and has adverse biological effects.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Biological Responses in the EarthwormEisenia fetidaExposed to Soils near a Typical Lead Acid Battery Plant

Gao

et al. 2016

Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal

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“…Other studies on different earthworm species had some intriguing hints about possible regulation, but because they did not measure PC levels directly, the relationship to gene expression could not be determined. Brulle et al (2008) saw differences in PCS expression for Eisenia fetida at low but not high Cd concentrations, whereas Homa et al (2015) saw differences for Eisenia andrei for essential (Cu, Zn) but not non-essential metals (Cd, Pb).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sub-lethal cadmium exposure increases phytochelatin concentrations in the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Gonçalves

Davies

Bennett

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Phytochelatins are metal-binding metabolites found in almost all plant species and some animal groups, including nematodes and annelids, where they can play an important role in detoxifying metals such as cadmium. Species from several other taxa contain a phytochelatin synthase (PCS) gene orthologue, including molluscs, indicating they may have the potential to synthesize phytochelatins. However, the presence of a gene alone does not demonstrate that it plays a functional role in metal detoxification. In the present study, we show that the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis produced both penta-and heptapeptide phytochelatins (i.e. phytochelatin-2 and phytochelatin-3), and their levels increased in response to sub-lethal levels of cadmium. detoxification. In the present study, we show that the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis 30 produced both penta-and heptapeptide phytochelatins (i.e. phytochelatin-2 and 31 phytochelatin-3), and their levels increased in response to sub-lethal levels of 32 cadmium. 33 34

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“…A Cu- and Cd-induced induction of PCS, the enzyme responsible for the production of PC peptides, has been observed in E . andrei coelomocytes [40,41]. However, PCS gene expression did not change in L .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low levels of Cd induce persisting epigenetic modifications and acclimation mechanisms in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris

2017

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Toxic effects of cadmium (Cd), a common soil pollutant, are still not very well understood, particularly in regard to its epigenetic impact. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess DNA methylation changes and their persistence in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris upon chronic low dose Cd exposure using methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP). Moreover, the biomarker response and fitness of the earthworms, as well as the expression of detoxification-related genes (metallothionein (MT) and phytochelatin synthase (PCS)) was evaluated. Low levels of Cd caused an increase in genome-wide DNA methylation, which remained partly modified, even after several months of recovery in unpolluted soil. Increased cellular stress seemed to decrease after two weeks of exposure whereas fitness parameters remained unaffected by Cd, probably as a result from the activation of detoxification mechanisms like the expression of MTs. Interestingly, even though the level of Cd exposure was very low, MT expression levels indicate the development of acclimation mechanisms. Taken together, this study demonstrates that acclimation, as well as epigenetic modifications can occur already in moderately polluted environments. In addition, these effects can have long-lasting impacts on key species of soil invertebrates and might persist long after the actual heavy metal challenge has passed.

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Dermal exposure of Eisenia andrei earthworms: Effects of heavy metals on metallothionein and phytochelatin synthase gene expressions in coelomocytes

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

Biological Responses in the EarthwormEisenia fetidaExposed to Soils near a Typical Lead Acid Battery Plant

Biological Responses in the EarthwormEisenia fetidaExposed to Soils near a Typical Lead Acid Battery Plant

Sub-lethal cadmium exposure increases phytochelatin concentrations in the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Low levels of Cd induce persisting epigenetic modifications and acclimation mechanisms in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris

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