Dermatopathology of skin cancer in solid organ transplant recipients

Stoff, Benjamin K.; Salisbury, Catherine; Parker, Darien; Zwald, Fiona O.

doi:10.1016/j.trre.2010.05.002

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Development of cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma may be related to ultraviolet light irradiation and immunosupression. [45][46][47][48] In our study, 8 of 22 (36%) patients had a history of other aggressive or systemic tumors prior to the diagnosis of nodal Merkel cell carcinoma, and 3 of them had chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Approximately 27% of patients with cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma had other invasive non-Merkel cell carcinoma malignancies, with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma the most common one, accounting for 45% of all tumors.…”

Section: Possible Histogenesis Of Nodal Merkel Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 52%

Merkel cell carcinoma of lymph node with unknown primary has a significantly lower association with Merkel cell polyomavirus than its cutaneous counterpart

Pan

Chen

et al. 2014

Modern Pathology

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Rare cases of Merkel cell carcinoma have been encountered in lymph nodes with unknown extranodal primary, which exhibit similar morphologic and immunophenotypic features to those in primary cutaneous Merkel cell carcinomas. However, it is uncertain whether the nodal Merkel cell carcinoma is a primary tumor of the lymph node or represents a metastasis from an occult or regressed extranodal lesion. To establish an accurate diagnosis of the nodal Merkel cell carcinoma can be challenging because of significant morphologic mimics, including lymphoblastic lymphoma and metastatic small cell carcinoma. Moreover, there is no consensus for a diagnostic term, and many different terms have been used, which can be confusing and may not fully reflect the nature of nodal Merkel cell carcinoma. In this study, we investigated the detailed clinicopathologic features of 22 nodal Merkel cell carcinomas, with comparison to 763 primary cutaneous cases retrieved from the literature. Overall, the nodal and cutaneous Merkel cell carcinomas shared similar clinical presentations, morphologic spectrum, and immunophenotype; both were mostly seen in elderly male with a typical neuroendocrine morphology. Most of cases expressed CK20, synaptophysin, and chromogranin A; and PAX5 and TdT were also positive in majority of cases. However, nodal Merkel cell carcinomas had a significantly lower association with Merkel cell polyomavirus than cutaneous cases (31% vs 76%, P ¼ 0.001). Therefore, these two entities may arise from overlapping but not identical biological pathways. We also recommend the use of the diagnostic term 'Merkel cell carcinoma of lymph node' to replace many other names used.

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Section: Possible Histogenesis Of Nodal Merkel Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 52%

Merkel cell carcinoma of lymph node with unknown primary has a significantly lower association with Merkel cell polyomavirus than its cutaneous counterpart

Pan

Chen

et al. 2014

Modern Pathology

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“…8,9 Besides presenting a higher likelihood for developing NMSC, SOTRs tend to develop NMSC at younger age and to develop tumors that behave more aggressively, presenting a greater risk of local invasion, local recurrence, metastasis, and even mortality. 10,11 Established risk factors for NMSC in the immunosuppressed population are similar to the ones observed in the general population and include increasing age (.50 years), fair skin type, presence of premalignant lesions (actinic keratosis), personal history of NMSC, smoking, human papillomavirus infection, and arguably the most important, exposure to UV radiation. [12][13][14] Although acute sunburn even in remote childhood can represent a risk factor for melanoma, NMSC is mostly because of cumulative sun exposure.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 84%

Skin Side Effects of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy

Torres

Buche

Delaporte

et al. 2013

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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Skin manifestations are common in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and can be associated with the disease itself, with nutritional deficiencies, or with therapy. All drugs currently used for treating IBD have the potential to cause dermatologic manifestations that can have a wide range of clinical presentations, from mild drug eruptions to potentially life-threatening immune-mediated reactions. The wider use of thiopurines and anti-tumor necrosis factor in the past years has led to the recognition of 2 more skin complications of IBD therapy: the potentially disfiguring non-melanoma skin cancer associated with the current or past use of thiopurines and the paradoxical new onset or exacerbation of anti-tumor necrosis factor-associated psoriasis. Despite being rare, these complications can be severe and lead to therapy discontinuation, and therefore, gastroenterologists need to become familiar with their epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Herein, we reviewed the skin side effects of IBD therapy, specially focusing in thiopurines and anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy and in the recently described skin cancer and psoriasis, and we tried to advance some practical algorithms that can provide some help to the clinicians dealing with these complications in their day-by-day practice.

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“…Thus, early prompt treatment is essential to minimize the morbidity of both cancer and treatment. Eighty percent of BCCs appear on the head and neck compared to 15% on the trunk and 5% on the extremities "larger lesions" are also more likely to be located in areas of the body other than the face where patients do not notice or complain about them as early (43).…”

Section: Clinicopathologic Aspects Of Bccmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Basal Cell Carcinoma

Avcı¹

2011

Skin Cancer Overview

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Dermatopathology of skin cancer in solid organ transplant recipients

Cited by 37 publications

References 91 publications

Merkel cell carcinoma of lymph node with unknown primary has a significantly lower association with Merkel cell polyomavirus than its cutaneous counterpart

Merkel cell carcinoma of lymph node with unknown primary has a significantly lower association with Merkel cell polyomavirus than its cutaneous counterpart

Skin Side Effects of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy

An Overview on Basal Cell Carcinoma

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