Dermatophytoma: Description of 7 cases

Martínez‐Herrera, Erick; Moreno‐Coutiño, Gabriela; Fernández‐Martínez, Ramón; Finch, Justin; Arenas, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.06.034

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Martínez et al. found a frequency of 0.9% of dermatophytomas in 793 cases of onychomycosis 29 . We found two cases of dermatophytomas in patients with MS and onychomycosis, with clinical characteristics similar to those reported in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Onychomycosis in patients with multiple sclerosis: prevalence, clinical description, mycological, and dermoscopic study in a Mexican population

et al. 2021

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Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease related to HLA‐DR8. Susceptibility to onychomycosis has been found in Mexican mestizos with HLA‐DR8. The frequency of onychomycosis in this neurological disease is unknown. Objectives To determine the frequency of onychomycosis and its clinical, mycological, and dermoscopic characteristics in patients with MS in comparison with the general population. Methods Observational, cross‐sectional, case–control study in patients with MS from October 2017 to February 2018. Age, gender, MS type, and time of progression from diagnosis to date and baseline treatment were collected after signed informed consent. A neurological exploration and clinical examination of fingernails and toenails for onychomycosis was conducted. Mycological and dermoscopic studies of the infected nails were performed on patients with clinical diagnosis of onychomycosis. A healthy control group was taken for each case (1:1), paired by age and gender. Results The frequency of onychomycosis in patients with MS was higher than the healthy population (32% vs. 26%, P = 0.509). A higher frequency of non‐dermatophyte fungi was found, although it was not statistically significant. The clinical manifestations and dermoscopic findings in patients with MS and onychomycosis were similar to those of the general population. Conclusion The frequency of onychomycosis in patients with MS is slightly higher than that of the general population. A possible association of HLA‐DR8 as a susceptibility factor for onychomycosis is proposed. The etiology of opportunistic fungi in MS patients with onychomycosis may be related to immunosuppressive treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Onychomycosis in patients with multiple sclerosis: prevalence, clinical description, mycological, and dermoscopic study in a Mexican population

et al. 2021

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“…The diagnosis was made microscopically by observation of this fungal mass. From a published work review, all studies reported that dermatophytoma was caused by DMP and located at the toenails . This study observed that two dermatophytoma cases were caused by NDM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…From a published work review, all studies reported that dermatophytoma was caused by DMP and located at the toenails. 21,22 This study observed that two dermatophytoma cases were caused by NDM. One patient had big toenail involvement (Fusarium spp.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Distinct characteristics of Scytalidium dimidiatum and non‐dermatophyte onychomycosis as compared with dermatophyte onychomycosis

Bunyaratavej

Prasertworonun

Leeyaphan

et al. 2015

The Journal of Dermatology

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Studies of demographic data, predisposing factors and clinical manifestations of non-dermatophyte mold (NDM) infection particularly in Scytalidium spp. have been limited. This study aimed to compare these data between dermatophytes (DMP) and NDM onychomycosis with statistical analysis. This was a retrospective chart review of outpatients with onychomycosis in the Nail Clinic of Department of Dermatology between January 2011 and December 2013. A total of 237 patients who had presented with onychomycosis were included. One hundred and eighty patients (75.9%) were infected with DMP: Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 46.8%; and Trichophyton rubrum, 28.3%. Of patients who had NDM onychomycosis, 17.3% were Scytalidium dimidiatum and 6.8% were Fusarium spp. Comparing the DMP and NDM groups, family history of superficial fungal infection was significantly demonstrated in the DMP group. Approximately 50% of patients in both groups had feet infections. However, no patients with NDM onychomycosis had fungal glabrous skin infection at other sites beyond the feet that was statistically different from cases with DMP onychomycosis. In conclusion, The distinct characteristic of patients with NDM onychomycosis was absence of fungal glabrous skin infection in areas other than the feet. This was statistically different from DMP.

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“…Dermatophytoma represents a more advanced form of onychomycosis. It appears as linear, single, or multiple white or yellow bands on the nail plate [7]. A dermatophytoma indicates a fungal mass of hyphae and spores within or under the nail plate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excellent Response of Dermatophytoma and Nail Splitting to Nail Plate Debridement Plus Topical Ciclopirox Olamine 1% Solution

Abdo¹

2020

Skin Appendage Disord

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Onychomycosis often presents as thickened, discolored nails. Usually, one or both great toenails are affected. Eventually, the nail plate becomes friable and may split and break up, often due to trauma or invasion of the plate by dermatophytes that have keratolytic properties. Dermatophytoma is a unique feature of onychomycosis that occurred by abundant fungal filaments and spores forming a fungal ball under the nail plate. It is often refractory to traditional therapy. Based on the clinical and mycological examination, a case of onychomycosis in a 45-year-old woman presented as dermatophytoma with longitudinal nail splitting caused by <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> is presented. The case was successfully treated with nail plate debridement plus topical ciclopirox olamine 1% solution. Nail debridement was performed using a 15-scalpel blade to remove the affected nail portion with the underlying subungual debris to enhance the effect of topical ciclopirox 1% solution which was then applied 3 times daily to the debrided area. Follow-up visits with nail photography were planned every 2 weeks after the procedure to check treatment progress. A complete clinical resolution was achieved after 5 months. This treatment option can be advocated for similar nail conditions avoiding unnecessary and expensive lines of treatment.

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Dermatophytoma: Description of 7 cases

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Onychomycosis in patients with multiple sclerosis: prevalence, clinical description, mycological, and dermoscopic study in a Mexican population

Onychomycosis in patients with multiple sclerosis: prevalence, clinical description, mycological, and dermoscopic study in a Mexican population

Distinct characteristics of Scytalidium dimidiatum and non‐dermatophyte onychomycosis as compared with dermatophyte onychomycosis

Excellent Response of Dermatophytoma and Nail Splitting to Nail Plate Debridement Plus Topical Ciclopirox Olamine 1% Solution

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