Dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis in Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus)

Tizzani, Paolo; Gallo, Maria; Peano, Andrea; Min, Anna Rita Molinar; Pleite, Carlos Martínez-Carrasco; Meneguz, Pier Giuseppe

doi:10.1007/s10344-007-0088-0

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Nonetheless, in the last year, M. canis was isolated from dermatological lesions of Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), which is a synanthropic animal easily observed near urban centres with high population density. The fungus was also isolated from hair and soil samples collected in front of burrow entrances of alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) [73,74]. This may indicate potential M. canis reservoirs in wild animals, especially those that forage in urban areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus L.) as a Reservoir of Dermatophytes in Poland

et al. 2021

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The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus Linnaeus) frequently colonises areas located close to human life in cities, as these are more suitable nest sites offering an abundance of food and allowing avoidance of predators. However, urbanisation has a significant impact on the epidemiology of infectious diseases, including dermatophytoses, the primary source of which are wild animals. In this study, we determined the spectrum of dermatophytes isolated from the European hedgehog and assessed their susceptibility profile to antifungal drugs. Symptomatic and asymptomatic dermatophyte infections were observed in 7.7% and 8% of the 182 examined free-living hedgehogs, respectively. In the pool of the isolated dermatophyte strains, Trichophyton erinacei was dominant (29.9%), followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (17.9%), Trichophyton benhamiae (13.4%), Nannizzia gypsea (11.9%), Microsporum canis (10.4%), Nannizzia nana (7.5%), Paraphyton cookei (6.0%), and Nannizzia fulva (3.0%). Susceptibility tests revealed the highest activity of luliconazole and the lowest of activity fluconazole among the azole drugs applied. Although terbinafine generally exhibited high efficacy, two Trichophyton mentagrophytes isolates showed resistance to this drug (MIC = 2 µg/ml) resulting from missense mutations in the SQLE gene corresponding to the amino acid substitution Leu393Phe. Summarising, our study has also revealed that such wildlife animals as hedgehogs can be a reservoir of pathogenic human dermatophytes, including harmful strains resistant to commonly used antifungal drugs. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus L.) as a Reservoir of Dermatophytes in Poland

et al. 2021

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“…Zoophilic dermatophytes isolated from animals may be responsible for both symptomatic infections as well for asymptomatic colonisation, making the animals asymptomatic carriers which may become a source of the epidemic [ 9 ]. However, the reservoirs of dermatophytes can change, well-established hosts for the various species are not permanent, and some of these pathogens also inhabit the soil as a favourable environment [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Diagnosis and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Trichophyton quinckeanum from Human Zoonoses and Cats

et al. 2022

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The “One Health” concept increasingly demonstrates the global spread of pathogenic (also eukaryotic) microorganisms and their zoonotic potential. Dermatophytes can cause superficial mycoses in humans and animals. Furthermore, the number of transmissions from asymptomatic carriers to humans has been on the rise over the last few years. This study was focused on the detailed characterisation of clinical isolates of Trichophyton quinckeanum with epidemiological analyses and characterisation of their in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns. The isolated dermatophytes were identified with a combination of conventional and molecular methods. In turn, their susceptibility in vitro was tested according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38 ed.3 protocol. A total of 36 strains were isolated, with 21 cases of T. quinckeanum zoonoses resulting from direct contact with symptomatic cats (58.3%). The other 15 strains (41.7%) were isolated simultaneously from healthy cats and their owners. All strains showed high susceptibility to allylamine, pyridinone, and phenyl morpholine derivatives but were resistant to fluconazole and ketoconazole. In conclusion, our study shows the frequency of zoonoses contracted from asymptomatic cats. Moreover, the antifungal susceptibility profiles indicate the serious risk posed to animal owners by resistant strains of T. quinckeanum, which are often responsible for recalcitrant-to-treatment cases.

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“…The eastern cottontail has also been reported to play a pivotal role as a carrier of exotic parasites (Tizzani et al 2014), and it may also be a vector for native pathologies, e.g. zoonoses (Zanet et al 2013), fungal infection (Gallo et al 2005, Tizzani et al 2007 and viral diseases, such as the European brown hare syndrome (EBHS) virus (Lavazza et al 2015). The EBHS virus can affect both native hares (L. europaeus and the endemic Lepus corsicanus de Winton, 1898) and cottontails (Guberti et al 2000, Trocchi and Riga 2005, Salvioli et al 2017.…”

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confidence: 99%

“An American near Rome” … and not only! Presence of the eastern cottontail in Central Italy and potential impacts on the endemic and vulnerable Apennine hare

2018

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The eastern cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus has been introduced to Italy for hunting purposes since the 1960s. This species is currently present in northern Italy, with some small populations in Central Italy. Data for Central Italy are scanty, but they deserve research attention because this lagomorph is responsible for the spread of disease to an endemic vulnerable species, the Apennine hare Lepus corsicanus. In this work, we summarized the distribution of alien cottontails, over 50 years after their first releases, with special regard to areas where the endemic species is present. Eradication should be recommended where the alien species coexists with the endemic one.

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Dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis in Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus)

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus L.) as a Reservoir of Dermatophytes in Poland

European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus L.) as a Reservoir of Dermatophytes in Poland

Laboratory Diagnosis and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Trichophyton quinckeanum from Human Zoonoses and Cats

“An American near Rome” … and not only! Presence of the eastern cottontail in Central Italy and potential impacts on the endemic and vulnerable Apennine hare

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