Dermatophytosis in schoolchildren in Ekpoma, Nigeria

Enweani, Ifeoma Bessie; Ozan, C. C.; Agbonlahor, D. E.; Ndip, RN

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.1996.tb00143.x

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…M. audouinii was isolated from 34% of patients and all of them had the grey patch type of presentation. Such a high rate of isolation of M. audouinii has not been previously reported from India, although a few African studies have reported high incidence of this species (Table 3) (13, 14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Clinico‐Mycological Profile of Tinea Capitis in North India and Response to Griseofulvin

Singal

Rawat

Bhattacharya

et al. 2001

The Journal of Dermatology

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There is a paucity of literature on tinea capitis from North India. The response to griseofulvin has not been studied as well. We studied 153 consecutive patients of tinea capitis for clinical patterns, causative dermatophytic species, clinico-etiological correlation, and response to griseofulvin. Culture and sensitivity were done on all patients. All patients were treated with griseofulvin for 6-8 weeks; non-responders were further treated with fluconazole. Ninety percent of the patients were less than 15 years of age, 75% belonged to poor socioeconomic groups and 19% had a family history of tinea capitis. The seborrheic variant was the commonest clinical pattern seen in 47.8% of patients, followed by grey patch, black dot, kerion, and alopecia-areata-like tinea capitis in 35.9%, 8.5%, 6.5% and 1.3% of patients, respectively. Only 66% of patients had a positive culture. T. violaceum was the commonest dermatophytic species isolated in 38% patients. M. audouinii, T. schoenleinii, T. tonsurans, M. gypseum, T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes were isolated in 34%, 10%, 9%, 3%, 3% and 3% of patients, respectively. Of the isolates 94% were susceptible to griseofulvin, and 100% were susceptible to fluconazole. By using griseofulvin for 6-8 weeks 97.4% of the patients were cured; nonresponders required therapy with fluconazole for cure. To conclude, tinea capitis is still a disease of younger people of poor socioeconomic status. T. violaceum and M. audouinii are the most common responsible dermatophytes. The response to griseofulvin was excellent, and it should be used as a first line therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Clinico‐Mycological Profile of Tinea Capitis in North India and Response to Griseofulvin

Singal

Rawat

Bhattacharya

et al. 2001

The Journal of Dermatology

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“…A total of 188 (13.4%) mycotic infections were identified in a study among 1400 school children in Ekpoma, Nigeria. 58 The causative agents included M. audouinii in 88 cases (46.8%), T. mentagrophytes in 48 (25.5%), T. rubrum in 40 (21.3%), T. tonsurans in 4 (2.1%) and E. floccosum in 8 (4.3%) patients.…”

Section: Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological trends in skin mycoses worldwide

Havlíčková¹,

Czaika

Friedrich³

2008

Mycoses

1,092

874

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Fungal infections of the skin and nails are a common global problem. The high prevalence of superficial mycotic infections shows that 20-25% of the world's population has skin mycoses, making these one of the most frequent forms of infection. Pathogens responsible for skin mycoses are primarily anthropophilic and zoophilic dermatophytes from the genera Trichophyton (T.), Microsporum (M.) and Epidermophyton (E.). There appears to be considerable inter- and intra-continental variability in the global incidence of these fungal infections. Trichophyton rubrum, T. interdigitale (mentagrophytes var. interdigitale), M. canis, M. audouinii, T. tonsurans and T. verrucosum are the most common, but the attack rates and incidence of specific mycoses can vary widely. Local socio-economic conditions and cultural practices can also influence the prevalence of a particular infection in a given area. For example, tinea pedis (athlete's foot) is more prevalent in developed countries than in emerging economies and is likely to be caused by the anthropophilic germ T. rubrum. In poorer countries, scalp infections (tinea capitis) caused by T. soudanense or M. audouinii are more prevalent. This review summarises current epidemiological trends for fungal infections and focuses on dermatomycosis of glabrous skin on different continents.

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“…[19][20][21] Community-based studies in Nigeria have reported prevalence rates of skin diseases (or dermatophytoses alone) between 10% and 64%. 1,13,[22][23][24][25][26][27] The most common skin condition was fungal infections, especially tinea capitis among school-age children, especially boys, accounting for 43% of the skin diseases in the community. 1,13,22,23,25 Other common skin conditions were impetigo, 13,24 scabies, miliaria, pyoderma, 13 and tribal marks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,13,[22][23][24][25][26][27] The most common skin condition was fungal infections, especially tinea capitis among school-age children, especially boys, accounting for 43% of the skin diseases in the community. 1,13,22,23,25 Other common skin conditions were impetigo, 13,24 scabies, miliaria, pyoderma, 13 and tribal marks. 23 Several studies have reported a correlation between skin manifestations and HIV/AIDS, with skin manifestations in 75%-90% of these cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First-line health care provider performance in the management of common skin diseases using an algorithmic approach as a diagnostic tool in Kano State, Nigeria

Taal¹,

Post²,

Hussaini³

et al. 2015

RRTM

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Skin diseases are common worldwide, though prevalence rates in rural areas are difficult to estimate, and are primarily based on hospital studies rather than community-based studies. Primary health care providers in rural areas often lack sufficient knowledge about skin diseases, which contributes to poor skin management and subsequently causes considerable morbidity. This study looked at the performance of first-line health care providers in the management of common skin disease, using an algorithmic approach with a flowchart with diagnostic steps. As a reference standard, two dermatologists independently validated the diagnoses and treatment choices made by the providers. The performance of the algorithm was calculated in terms of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value for each skin disease of the algorithm. A total of 19 patent medicine vendors and 12 traditional healers from Kano State in Nigeria diagnosed 4,147 patients with suspected skin symptoms. The most common skin disease was tinea capitis (59.2%), and it was found predominantly among boys below 15 years of age. Together, patent medicine vendors and traditional healers had 82% of the cases correctly diagnosed, and in 82% they prescribed the correct treatment. The sensitivities varied for each skin disease from 94.8% for tinea capitis to 7.1% for contact dermatitis. The specificities varied between 87.0% and 98.6%. Except for tinea capitis, lower PPVs were found for the various skin diseases when compared to earlier studies. In spite of the observed low sensitivities and low PPVs for several diseases, the algorithm seems to offer an improvement in management of common skin diseases at the peripheral level. With adaptations in training, further refinement of the algorithm and refresher training, predictive values and sensitivities can be increased.

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Dermatophytosis in schoolchildren in Ekpoma, Nigeria

Cited by 29 publications

References 6 publications

Clinico‐Mycological Profile of Tinea Capitis in North India and Response to Griseofulvin

Clinico‐Mycological Profile of Tinea Capitis in North India and Response to Griseofulvin

Epidemiological trends in skin mycoses worldwide

First-line health care provider performance in the management of common skin diseases using an algorithmic approach as a diagnostic tool in Kano State, Nigeria

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