The last decade has witnessed a revolution in the treatment of infectious diseases. Antibiotic and chemotherapeutic agents have influenced the atiology, symptoms, and prognosis of these diseases. In gynaecology the most striking effect is probably that on inflammatory diseases of the adnexa. Holtz's (1926) investigation showed that, of all the cases treated at the Department of Gynaecology of Sabbatsberg's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, salpingitis represented 38 per cent. H i i b s c h e r (1933) claimed that in large towns from a quarter to a fifth of all gynaecological diseases consisted of salpingitis. The percentage has since diminished. According to F a 1 c k e nb e r g (1948) salpingitis represents 7-9 per cent, as against 29-30 per cent before the first World War. H e y n e m a n n (1953) stated that 15-20 per cent of all patients in a department of gynaecology are admitted because of salpingitis. Formerly gonorrhaea was the main cause of the condition and, according to H a I t e r (1955), gonorrheal inflammation was the cause in 70 per cent, 10-12 years ago. N o v a k (1948) claimed that gonococci are still the cause in 60 per cent of all cases of salpingitis. C u r t i s (1946) gives 7-80 per cent. In the abovementioned investigation hy H o l t z (1926) 33.6 per cent of the