Desalination of Seawater Using Cationic Poly(acrylamide) Hydrogels and Mechanical Forces for Separation

Fengler, Christian; Arens, Lukas; Horn, Harald; Wilhelm, Manfred

doi:10.1002/mame.202000383

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The rheological frequency sweep confirmed the gelation state ( G ′ > G ″) of the hydrogels (Figure S2a). The incorporation of the cationic species reduced the shear and compressive modulus of the hydrogel (Figure S2a,b), which has been observed in previous studies . Hydrogel morphologies were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and both the neutral and cationic hydrogels showed a porous network structure (Figure S3), which ensures good liquid and air permeability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic Acid-Scavenging Hydrogels Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing

et al. 2022

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Chronic inflammation is a typical feature and a major impediment in refractory diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). High levels of extracellular cell-free nucleic acid (cfDNA) have recently been known to play a critical role in the cause of inflammation. Herein, we fabricated polyacrylamide-based cationic hydrogels and topically applied them to the ulcer of a diabetic rat model. The cfDNA level in the wound area was significantly reduced after hydrogel adsorption, and the level of inflammation was eliminated. In turn, the wound closure was significantly promoted without introducing systemic toxicity. Cationic hydrogels represent an effective material to combat uncontrolled inflammation in DFU.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic Acid-Scavenging Hydrogels Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing

et al. 2022

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“…To investigate this effect, the performance of model cationic hydrogels for desalination of seawater with MFFO process has been recently investigated. [ 20 ] The results demonstrated that the swelling capacity of these hydrogels in model seawater is almost identical to that of anionic hydrogels with similar ionic strength in sodium chloride solutions. With optimized hydrogel parameters, a salt rejection of 40% from model seawater with a concentration of 11.6 g L −1 was achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This approach has been experimentally and theoretically investigated in the last decade. [19][20][21][22][23][24] The overall process includes swelling and deswelling of hydrogels (see Scheme S1 in the Supporting Information). In the first step, charged hydrogels swell in a salt solution reservoir.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Partitioning in Cationic Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Model‐Seawater Desalination

Jangizehi

Seiffert

2022

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Charged hydrogels partially reject salt ions during swelling in a salt solution reservoir. This feature suggests applicability for the separation of salt ions from saline water for water desalination in a membrane‐free forward osmosis process. In this work, model charged cationic and thermoresponsive hydrogels are prepared and their potential for desalination of model seawater containing both monovalent and divalent ions with concentrations of 0.11–3.5 wt% is investigated. The recovery of adsorbed water, after partial salt rejection, is achieved by heating the hydrogels. The salt rejection increases upon increase of the charge density of the hydrogels and diminishes by increase of the concentration of the salt solution. In addition, the salt rejection during deswelling of the hydrogels is in the opposite of the overall process target, adding another challenge on the efficiency of the approach. Besides the experimental results, equations based on the Donnan theory are derived to predict the salt rejection of hydrogels during swelling and deswelling processes. While the theoretical values deviate from the experimental ones, the theory predict the overall trend well. Both experimental and theoretical results confirm that this approach has considerable potential for the desalination of saline water at low concentrations such as brackish waters.

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“…It is necessary to estimate the salt rejection capability of developed photothermal material, which greatly improves the long-term stability of the desalination process. The salt rejection (SR) ratio can be defined as the ratio of salt concentration (C out ) in the supernatant phase to the initial concentration of saltwater (C 0 ) [45],…”

Section: Salt Rejection Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Solar Desalination of Seawater by Various Ti3C2 MXene Based Morphologies for Freshwater Generation: A Review

Sreedhar

Noh

2021

Catalysts

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For a few years, we have been witnessing ubiquitous fresh and drinking water scarcity in various countries. To mitigate these problematic situations, many countries relied on non-conventional freshwater generation technologies through solar desalination of seawater. In this manner, we excel the ability of new class 2D Ti3C2 MXenes as a photothermal material (solar absorber) for freshwater generation via the solar desalination technique. In this review, the air–water interfacial interaction is highlighted for improving the evaporation efficiency. To provide the dependence of the desalination efficiency on the microstructure of the solar absorbers, we summarized various forms of 2D Ti3C2 MXenes (aerosol, films, foam, hydrogel, membrane, monolith and porous structure) and their characteristics. These microstructures prevailed ultrahigh photoconversion efficiency. In this aspect, we further explained key features such as light absorption, reflection, multiple internal reflection, hydrophilicity, lower thermal conduction, light-to-heat generation, and salt rejection for achieving efficient desalination output throughout the visible and broadband region. Specifically, we targeted to explore the self-floating and salt rejection nature of various state-of-the-art 2D Ti3C2 MXene structures. Further, we highlighted the long-term stability. Among the above morphologies, Ti3C2 MXene in the form of a membrane is believed to be a promising morphology which effectively desalinates seawater into freshwater. Finally, we highlighted the challenges and future perspectives, which can pave a potential path for advancing the sustainable solar desalination of seawater into freshwater.

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Desalination of Seawater Using Cationic Poly(acrylamide) Hydrogels and Mechanical Forces for Separation

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Nucleic Acid-Scavenging Hydrogels Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing

Nucleic Acid-Scavenging Hydrogels Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing

Salt Partitioning in Cationic Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Model‐Seawater Desalination

Advancements in Solar Desalination of Seawater by Various Ti3C2 MXene Based Morphologies for Freshwater Generation: A Review

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