Desalination performance of a carbon-based composite electrode

Lee, Jae-Bong; Park, Kwang-Kyu; Yoon, Sungpil; Park, Pill-Yang; Park, Kyoug-Il; Lee, Chi‐Woo

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2007.11.058

Cited by 104 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…During the CDI operation, ions are electrosorbed at the electrode surface, and once the potential is removed, the adsorbed ions are quickly released back into the bulk solution. Thus, CDI has been regarded as an environmentally friendly process because no acids, bases, or salts are required to regenerate the electrode surface [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in the capacitance of a carbon electrode prepared using water-soluble polymer binder for a capacitive deionization application

Park

Choi

2010

Electrochimica Acta

136

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in the capacitance of a carbon electrode prepared using water-soluble polymer binder for a capacitive deionization application

Park

Choi

2010

Electrochimica Acta

136

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“…In contrast, similar electrodes fabricated from activated carbon and PVDF as a binder, were found to have a CDI salt removal efficiency of only 78% (Choi, 2010). Enhanced CDI performance has also been shown by Lee et al (Lee et al, 2009) through the incorporation of an ion exchange resin into an activated carbon powder electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically hydrophobic polymers such as poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) (Chang et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2009) or poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) (Zhang et al, 2012) are used to bind activated carbon powder. However, these binders can hinder ion access to the pores and reduce the wettability of an electrode (Park and Choi, 2010;Park et al, 2011), reducing adsorption capacity, may be susceptible to chemical attack, and yield electrodes with poor electrical conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers as binders for capacitive deionization activated carbon electrodes

Asquith

Meier‐Haack

Ladewig

2015

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

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“…The activated carbon electrodes, however, exhibited a large degree of hydrophobicity compared to the carbon cloth due to the presence of a hydrophobic PTFE binder. The contact angle was not specifically measured for this material, but reports in the literature place the contact angle at about 1150 [16]. Although the ratio of the PTFE to the activated carbon tends to be low (10-25%), it has a significant effect on the hydrophobicity of the sample which subsequently affects the effective capacitance for an aqueous electrolyte [16].…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Based Electric Double Layer Capacitors for Water Desalination

Fellman

Atieh

Wang

2010

ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels: Parts a and B

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In capacitive deionization (CDI), salt water is passed through two polarized electrodes, whereby salt is adsorbed onto the electrode surface and removed from the water stream. This approach has received renewed interest for water desalination due to the development of new high-surface area, carbon-based nanomaterials. However, there is limited understanding as to how electrode geometry, surface properties, and capacitance affect ion capture. In this work, we experimentally investigated various standard carbon-based electrode materials, including activated carbon and carbon cloths, as well as microfabricated silicon structures for CDI. Electrochemical characterization through cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the electrochemical properties of each material. The capacitance values of the carbon materials tested were 40 F/g for 2000 m 2 /g carbon cloth, 32 F/g for 1000 m 2 /g carbon cloth, and 25 F/g for activated carbon. In addition, we constructed two iterations of flow test channels to perform parametric studies on ion capture. The first flow cell utilized a commercial conductivity probe to measure salt concentration after charging the electrodes without flow. We showed that the ion capture on both the carbon cloth and activated carbon electrodes were proportional to the applied voltage, however two orders of magnitude smaller than what is expected from the electrode charge. We addressed a significant experimental limitation in the second flow cell by integrating conductivity sensors into the flow channel to measure effluent salt concentration during electrode charging. We found that the salt adsorption increased from 33.1 pmol/g in the first flow cell to 63.5 pmol/g in the redesigned flow for an applied potential of 1.2 V. Future directions will focus on controlling electrode geometry and chemistry to help elucidate transport mechanisms and provide insight into the design of optimal materials for capacitive deionization.

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Desalination performance of a carbon-based composite electrode

Cited by 104 publications

References 17 publications

Improvement in the capacitance of a carbon electrode prepared using water-soluble polymer binder for a capacitive deionization application

Improvement in the capacitance of a carbon electrode prepared using water-soluble polymer binder for a capacitive deionization application

Poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers as binders for capacitive deionization activated carbon electrodes

Carbon-Based Electric Double Layer Capacitors for Water Desalination

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