Desalination Technology in South Korea: A Comprehensive Review of Technology Trends and Future Outlook

Park, Jong Kwan; Lee, Sungyun

doi:10.3390/membranes12020204

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In terms of desalination, HPMs are effective at removing salt from water, and they have been shown to have a high salt rejection rate and high water permeability [ 95 ]. In the area of wastewater treatment, HPMs have been used to remove organic pollutants and heavy metals from water, and they have shown promising results in terms of their ability to effectively purify contaminated water [ 96 ].…”

Section: Development and Production Of Nano-based Polymeric Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle-Embedded Polymers and Their Applications: A Review

Khdary,

Almuarqab,

El Enany

2023

Membranes

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There has been increasing interest in the study and development of nanoparticle-embedded polymeric materials and their applications to special membranes. Nanoparticle-embedded polymeric materials have been observed to have a desirable compatibility with commonly used membrane matrices, a wide range of functionalities, and tunable physicochemical properties. The development of nanoparticle-embedded polymeric materials has shown great potential to overcome the longstanding challenges faced by the membrane separation industry. One major challenge that has been a bottleneck to the progress and use of membranes is the balance between the selectivity and the permeability of the membranes. Recent developments in the fabrication of nanoparticle-embedded polymeric materials have focused on how to further tune the properties of the nanoparticles and membranes to improve the performance of the membranes even further. Techniques for improving the performance of nanoparticle-embedded membranes by exploiting their surface characteristics and internal pore and channel structures to a significant degree have been incorporated into the fabrication processes. Several fabrication techniques are discussed in this paper and used to produce both mixed-matrix membranes and homogenous nanoparticle-embedded polymeric materials. The discussed fabrication techniques include interfacial polymerization, self-assembly, surface coating, and phase inversion. With the current interest shown in the field of nanoparticle-embedded polymeric materials, it is expected that better-performing membranes will be developed soon.

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Section: Development and Production Of Nano-based Polymeric Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle-Embedded Polymers and Their Applications: A Review

Khdary,

Almuarqab,

El Enany

2023

Membranes

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“…The energy consumption for SWRO desalination ranges between 3.5–4.5 kWh/m 3 [ 87 ], with the membrane separation process accounting for 71% of the total energy consumption [ 88 ]. Various approaches have been implemented to alleviate the energy consumption and costs of RO desalination.…”

Section: Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Solutions for Global Water Scarcity

Shemer,

Wald,

Semiat

2023

Membranes

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Climate change, global population growth, and rising standards of living have put immense strain on natural resources, resulting in the unsecured availability of water as an existential resource. Access to high-quality drinking water is crucial for daily life, food production, industry, and nature. However, the demand for freshwater resources exceeds the available supply, making it essential to utilize all alternative water resources such as the desalination of brackish water, seawater, and wastewater. Reverse osmosis desalination is a highly efficient method to increase water supplies and make clean, affordable water accessible to millions of people. However, to ensure universal access to water, various measures need to be implemented, including centralized governance, educational campaigns, improvements in water catchment and harvesting technologies, infrastructure development, irrigation and agricultural practices, pollution control, investments in novel water technologies, and transboundary water cooperation. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of measures for utilizing alternative water sources, with particular emphasis on seawater desalination and wastewater reclamation techniques. In particular, membrane-based technologies are critically reviewed, with a focus on their energy consumption, costs, and environmental impacts.

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“…Reverse osmosis desalination is widely used for seawater desalination and for treating advanced wastewater. A standard SWRO technology is the most energy-efficient option for desalination, with a total cost of energy consumption of 1.5–5.5 kWh/m 3 ; this is significantly lower than other technologies [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The SWRO membrane lifetime depends on raw water quality, hydraulic operation conditions, membrane fouling, and cleaning frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autopsy of Used Reverse Osmosis Membranes from the Largest Seawater Desalination Plant in Oman

et al. 2022

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The Barka desalination plant, commissioned in 2018, is the largest desalination plant in Oman. It has a capacity of 281 MLD with a reverse osmosis (RO) first-pass recovery rate of 46%. As part of the standard operator practice, a membrane autopsy was conducted to determine the cause of reductions in membrane performance. This study investigated fouled membranes (model No. SW30HRLE-440) from two different locations in the membrane rack. Various analytical methods were used to conduct the membrane autopsy. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray (FESEM/EDS) analyses of membrane samples showed major components of inorganic foulants. Moreover, black and salt-like crystals deposited on the membrane surface revealed significant carbon (C) components and oxygen (O), with a small amount of magnesium (mg), chloride (Cl), sodium (Na), aluminium (Al), and calcium (Ca), respectively. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed the presence of long-chain hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids/esters, carbohydrates/polysaccharides, and inorganic foulants. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of the membranes showed a high initial weight loss due to organic and inorganic fouling. X-ray photoelectron (XPS) analyses further confirmed the presence of inorganic and organic foulants on the membrane surfaces. Bacteria identification results showed the presence of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus marisflavi. This paper offers a detailed analysis of the foulants present on the reverse osmosis membrane surface and sub-surface before and after a cleaning process.

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Desalination Technology in South Korea: A Comprehensive Review of Technology Trends and Future Outlook

Cited by 23 publications

References 65 publications

Nanoparticle-Embedded Polymers and Their Applications: A Review

Nanoparticle-Embedded Polymers and Their Applications: A Review

Challenges and Solutions for Global Water Scarcity

Autopsy of Used Reverse Osmosis Membranes from the Largest Seawater Desalination Plant in Oman

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