Descaling ability of low-alloy steel wires depending on composition and rolling process

Genève, D.; Rouxel, Didier; Pigeat, P.; Confente, M.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2009.12.028

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the cooling stage of steel strip, the significant differences appear in the microstructure of oxide scale due to the different start cooling temperatures and cooling rates. 2,3) The different phase composition can affect the properties of oxide scale, such as tribological properties, 4) spallation and adhesion model, [5][6][7] mechanical descaling, 8,9) pickling descaling, 10,11) and gaseous reduction descaling. [12][13][14][15] Therefore, the research of phase transformation behavior of FeO in oxide scale has become a hotspot in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Transformation Behavior of Oxide Scale on Plain Carbon Steel Containing 0.4 wt.% Cr during Continuous Cooling

Cao

Lin

et al. 2018

ISIJ International

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Pre-oxidation in air at 750°C for 10 min, the plain carbon steels without Cr and containing 0.4 wt.% Cr tended to rapidly form oxide scale composed of outer Fe 3 O 4 layer and inner FeO layer. Moreover, a FeCr 2 O 4 layer was observed at the FeO/substrate interface on the steel containing Cr. A comparative study was carried out between the scales on the two steels in inert gas cooled from 350-600°C to room temperature at the cooling rate range of 1-40°C/min, to determine the effect of low concentration Cr addition on the phase transformation of FeO. Based on the cross-sectional morphologies of oxide scale during various cooling conditions, the relationship between cooling rate and start cooling temperature were constructed, and the area fraction of eutectoid structure was analyzed. The result shows that the transformation rate and area fraction of eutectoid structure in oxide scale on steel containing Cr were greater than that on steel without Cr, and then the nucleation, growth and 100% transformation region of eutectoid structure in oxide scale on steel without Cr were delayed. This study proposed two mechanisms to discuss the experimental results. Firstly, the formation of FeCr 2 O 4 layer reduced the consumption of O, and then prevented short-range uphill diffusion of Fe from FeO to substrate. Secondly, combined with the lamellar spacing in eutectoid structure and the Fe-Cr-O equilibrium phase diagram, the Cr addition increased the formation temperature of FeO in oxide scale, which provided sufficient driving force for eutectoid transformation during continuous cooling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Transformation Behavior of Oxide Scale on Plain Carbon Steel Containing 0.4 wt.% Cr during Continuous Cooling

Cao

Lin

et al. 2018

ISIJ International

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“…The principle of scanning electron microscopy is based on electron-matter interaction. The incident electron will interact with the nucleus, the more bound electrons of matter and the electrons of the outer layers [4,5,6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Thermal and Microstructural Properties of Hot Rolling Scale

Maalem

Berdjane

Belahssen

et al. 2019

Acta Metall Slovaca

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<p class="AMSmaintext2">A significant amount of scale is produced during casting of ingots and processing of hot-rolled products. In manufacturing steel, during the various rolling operations, the amount of scale produced is approximately 0.1% of the annual production of the rolling mills. The quality of the thin sheet during rolling is affected by the behavior of the iron oxide layers formed on their surfaces. For this reason, acids and oils are used for the descaling of slabs and billets by means of pressurized water. The calamine, contaminated by these various acids and used oils, is rejected and stored involuntarily on important areas and pollutes soil and groundwater. Micrographic observations as well as X-ray diffraction analysis have shown that calamine consists mainly of iron oxides. Hematite and magnetite become the main components for oxidation times greater than 1 hour. Characterization tests have shown that calamine is dense (ρ = 4.8 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), its particle size is variable depending on the degree of oxidation (from 0.5 to 10 mm). Simultaneous thermal analysis showed that an increase in mass of the calamine sample with a release of heat. Studies are underway for the physico-chemical characterization of the soils of the storage areas.</p>

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“…Therefore, the Fe 3 O 4 layer in the oxide scale became thicker, whereas the FeO layer became thinner. The accumulation of ions at the metal/oxide interface presented the diffusion of iron atoms [20,24].…”

Section: Phase and Composition Of The Oxide Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Microstructural Transformation and Oxidation Behavior of Fe–0.9Cr Alloy Steel at 900–1150 °C

Wang

2021

Trans Indian Inst Met

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The oxidation behavior of Fe-0.9Cr alloy steel was investigated to understand its phase transition mechanism in the temperature range of 900-1150 °C. The main objective of this work was to study the oxidation behavior and elemental diffusion behavior of Fe-0.9Cr alloy steel during heating. It was found that when the temperature was lower than 950 °C, the oxidation weight gain curve conformed to a linear law, indicating that the interface reaction was a rate-controlling process. When the heating temperature was higher than 950 °C, the oxidation kinetics curve followed a parabolic law. Inner oxide scales formed at 1050 °C and 1150 °C were dominated by a stable FeCr 2 O 4 layer, and they were thicker than that formed at 950 °C. When the oxidation time was less than 38 min, the oxidation weight gain curve at 1100 °C almost coincided with that at 1150 °C. In the continuous oxidation process above 1050 °C, Cr 2 O 3 grew through a substitution reaction and formed a continuous solid solution which reduced the effective area of Fe 2? diffusion, thereby reducing the oxidation rate and improving the corrosion resistance.

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Descaling ability of low-alloy steel wires depending on composition and rolling process

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Phase Transformation Behavior of Oxide Scale on Plain Carbon Steel Containing 0.4 wt.% Cr during Continuous Cooling

Phase Transformation Behavior of Oxide Scale on Plain Carbon Steel Containing 0.4 wt.% Cr during Continuous Cooling

Identification of Thermal and Microstructural Properties of Hot Rolling Scale

Analysis of the Microstructural Transformation and Oxidation Behavior of Fe–0.9Cr Alloy Steel at 900–1150 °C

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