Descending neurons from the lateral accessory lobe and posterior slope in the brain of the silkmoth Bombyx mori

Namiki, Shigehiro; Wada, Satoshi; Kanzaki, Ryohei

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27954-5

Cited by 36 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The role of TB4–TB8 neurons remains to be established. The posterior slope is a major site of synaptic connections between outputs from the lobula complex signaling visual flow fields and descending neurons but also receives substantial ascending input (flies: Strausfeld, Bassemir, Singh, & Boyan, ; Strausfeld & Bassemir, ; Haag, Wertz, & Borst, ; moths: Namiki, Wada, & Kanzaki, ; locusts: Rind, ; Gewecke & Hou, ). Projections to the PB may, therefore, provide information related to ego‐motion in space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroarchitecture of the central complex of the desert locust: Tangential neurons

Hadeln

Hensgen

Bockhorst

et al. 2019

J of Comparative Neurology

111

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The central complex (CX) comprises a group of midline neuropils in the insect brain, consisting of the protocerebral bridge (PB), the upper (CBU) and lower division (CBL) of the central body and a pair of globular noduli. It receives prominent input from the visual system and plays a major role in spatial orientation of the animals. Vertical slices and horizontal layers of the CX are formed by columnar, tangential, and pontine neurons.While pontine and columnar neurons have been analyzed in detail, especially in the fruit fly and desert locust, understanding of the organization of tangential cells is still rudimentary. As a basis for future functional studies, we have studied the morphologies of tangential neurons of the CX of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. Intracellular dye injections revealed 43 different types of tangential neuron, 8 of the PB, 5 of the CBL, 24 of the CBU, 2 of the noduli, and 4 innervating multiple substructures. Cell bodies of these neurons were located in 11 different clusters in the cell body rind. Judging from the presence of fine versus beaded terminals, the vast majority of these neurons provide input into the CX, especially from the lateral complex (LX), the superior protocerebrum, the posterior slope, and other surrounding brain areas, but not directly from the mushroom bodies. Connections are largely subunit-and partly layer-specific. No direct connections were found between the CBU and the CBL. Instead, both subdivisions are connected in parallel with the PB and distinct layers of the noduli.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroarchitecture of the central complex of the desert locust: Tangential neurons

Hadeln

Hensgen

Bockhorst

et al. 2019

J of Comparative Neurology

111

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“…Circuit convergence, divergence, and re-convergence can be found throughout the nervous systems of both invertebrates and vertebrates and plays a pivotal role in providing behavioral flexibility (Eschbach et al, 2020;Jeanne and Wilson, 2015;Man et al, 2013;Miroschnikow et al, 2018;Misic et al, 2014;Ohyama et al, 2015). Given the importance of the MBONs in driving behavioral choice, we first sought to reveal patterns of divergence and convergence by identifying the postsynaptic connections of the MBONs innervating each of the 15 MB compartments using trans-Tango.…”

Section: Divergence and Convergence Of The Mbons Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LAL is an important premotor waystation for information traveling from the central complex to descending neurons innervating thoracic motor centers across insects (Chiang et al, 2011;Franconville et al, 2018;Hanesch et al, 1989;Namiki and Kanzaki, 2016;Wolff and Strausfeld, 2015). Accordingly, the LAL has been implicated in orientation to pheromones (Kanzaki et al, 1991a, b;Mishima and Kanzaki, 1999;Namiki et al, 2014;Namiki et al, 2018), flight (Homberg, 1994), locomotion (Bidaye et al, 2014) and in response to mechanosensory stimuli (Homberg, 1994). More recent work has suggested a functional organization whereby the neurons in the upper division of the LAL receive convergent input from the protocerebrum and neurons in the lower division generate locomotor command (Namiki et al, 2014;Rayshubskiy et al, 2020).…”

Section: Convergence Within the Lalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transsynaptic mapping ofDrosophilamushroom body output neurons

Scaplen

Talay

Fisher

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The Mushroom Body (MB) is a well-characterized associative memory structure within the Drosophila brain. Although previous studies have analyzed MB connectivity and provided a map of inputs and outputs, a detailed map of the downstream targets is missing. Using the genetic anterograde transsynaptic tracing tool, trans-Tango, we identified divergent projections across the brain and convergent downstream targets of the MB output neurons (MBONs). Our analysis revealed at least three separate targets that receive convergent input from MBONs: other MBONs, the fan shaped body (FSB), and the lateral accessory lobe (LAL). We describe, both anatomically and functionally, a multilayer circuit in which inhibitory and excitatory MBONs converge on the same genetic subset of FSB and LAL neurons. This circuit architecture provides an opportunity for the brain to update information and integrate it with previous experience before executing appropriate behavioral responses.

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“…The TAOpro-neuron projects to the ventromedial protocerebrum into what corresponds to the vest and/or the posterior slope in other insects 16,17 . Here descending neurons relaying visual information to thoracic motor centres receive input 18–20 . Thus, TAOpro could directly deliver the signal for the raptorial strike.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuronal basis of insect stereopsis

Rosner

Hadeln

Tarawneh

et al. 2018

Preprint

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A puzzle for neuroscience -and robotics -is how insects achieve surprisingly 11 complex behaviours with such tiny brains 1,2 . One example is depth perception via 12 binocular stereopsis in the praying mantis, a predatory insect. Praying mantids use 13 stereopsis, the computation of distances from disparities between the two retinas, to 14 trigger a raptorial strike of their forelegs 3,4 when prey is within reach. The neuronal basis 15 of this ability is entirely unknown. From behavioural evidence, one view is that the mantis 16 brain must measure retinal disparity locally across a range of distances and 17 eccentricities 4-7 , very like disparity-tuned neurons in vertebrate visual cortex 8 . Sceptics 18 argue that this "retinal disparity hypothesis" implies far too many specialised neurons 19 for such a tiny brain 9 . Here we show the first evidence that individual neurons in the 20 praying mantis brain are indeed tuned to specific disparities and eccentricities, and thus 21 locations in 3D-space. This disparity information is transmitted to the central brain by 22 95 information to the contralateral optic lobe, but also receiving information from the contralateral 96 eye via other COcom-neurons, and in this way generating its binocularity (see below). 97Four of the binocular COcom-neurons showed evident binocular interactions in the 98 central parts of the response fields (at 15-100mm distance and 20 o eccentricity; Fig. 2d,f,g,j). 99Behavioural experiments 6 have shown that mantis stereopsis operates for prey capture over this 100 region of 3D-space. Three neurons had well-localised excitatory peaks ( Fig. 2d,f,g) for a 101 preferred 3D location. These were well modelled by combining binocular excitation at the 102 preferred location with inhibition in peripheral regions (Extended Data Fig. 4 a,b,c). In the 103 fourth neuron the central region was void of excitation, because of inhibition by input from the 104 contralateral eye in the centre of the visual field ( Fig. 2 j,k). In vertebrates such cells are known 105 as "tuned-inhibitory neurons", in contrast to "tuned-excitatory neurons" whose receptive fields 106 have a similar structure in both eyes 22 . The neuron from Fig. 2a,b,c,d also showed disparity 107 tuning to the spiralling disc stimulus (Wilcoxon rank-sum test p=0.0043, Fig. 2e). 108The morphology of two additional, disparity-sensitive neuron types suggests that they 109 convey information centrifugally (soma in central brain -Fig. 3a,c; beaded terminal neurites in 110 optic lobe -Extended Data Fig. 5) from the central brain to the LOX (TAcen-neurons) and the 111 medulla (TMEcen-neurons). All 5 TAcen-neurons tested with bright bars were clearly disparity 112 tuned (Fig. 3b, Extended Data Figs. 6). They have broad excitatory receptive fields with peak 113 response for far distances or even diverging lines of sight. Thus, TAcen-neurons are suited to 114 provide information about the distant, bright visual background in front of which dark prey-115 targets are detected by other classes of neuron...

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Descending neurons from the lateral accessory lobe and posterior slope in the brain of the silkmoth Bombyx mori

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

Neuroarchitecture of the central complex of the desert locust: Tangential neurons

Neuroarchitecture of the central complex of the desert locust: Tangential neurons

Transsynaptic mapping ofDrosophilamushroom body output neurons

The neuronal basis of insect stereopsis

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