Description and relationships of the parotid gland levels proposed by the European Salivary Gland Society staging system: an anatomical study

Proposal for standardized ultrasound analysis of the salivary glands: Part 1 submandibular gland

“…Details of salivary gland anatomy have been determined through cadaveric dissection, review of static imaging (CT/MRI), and analysis of surgical specimens. [41][42][43][44][45][46][47] Dynamic ultrasound imaging offers an alternate perspective with advantages and limitations that warrant consistency in assessment and reporting. 48 The value in assessing salivary gland dimensions to help determine the impact of treatment is emphasized in the EULAR Sjogren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) as reported in 2010.…”

“…Details of salivary gland anatomy have been determined through cadaveric dissection, review of static imaging (CT/MRI), and analysis of surgical specimens. 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 Dynamic ultrasound imaging offers an alternate perspective with advantages and limitations that warrant consistency in assessment and reporting. 48 …”

Parotid lymph nodes in primary malignant salivary neoplasms

“…The intraglandular superficial lobe consists of some 80% of the parotid tissue, described as levels I and II by the European Salivary Gland Society (ESGS) classification of parotid surgery and contains approximately 80–86% of lymph nodes, estimates from cadaveric studies number between 2 and 22 nodes. The deep lobe, ESGS levels II and III, the lymph node number between 1 and 4 [24–29,30 ▪ ,31–33]. Lymph node counts on surgical specimens have reported numbers range 3 and 19 nodes (mean 7) in the superficial lobe and range 0–9 nodes (mean 2) in the deep lobe [34].…”