Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex

Haran, Julien; Hansen, S.; Benoit, Laure; Addison, Pia

doi:10.5852/ejt.2020.669

Cited by 1,020 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…not regarded as pests of commercial crops. The species described by Haran et al (2020) as P. callosus sensu stricto is recognised as having spread from South Africa hence literature published from studies in Australia and New Zealand, before the species complex was recognised and elaborated, remains valid for the purposes of this pest categorisation. However, Haran et al (2020) note that it is difficult to morphologically distinguish between female specimens of P. callosus and the newly described species P. xerophilus and that more taxonomic research is needed.…”

Section: Identity and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…nov.). Each of the five new species described by Haran et al (2020) is reported from limited areas within South Africa with four found only in natural or seminatural habitats, i.e. not regarded as pests of commercial crops.…”

Section: Identity and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A factsheet on P. callosus produced by the Department for Primary Industries and Regional Development of Western Australia (DPIRD, 2020) provides photographs of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. Haran et al (2020) provide a morphological key to species of Phlyctinus. Molecular methods for species identification are available.…”

Section: Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is common that literature on polyphagous plant pests list plant species upon which the pest feeds and regard them as hosts, without providing substantiating evidence that development and reproduction is possible. In a list of plants that Haran et al (2020) provide as being verified host species of P. callosus no genera from the Rosaceae or Vitaceae are included. However, apples, peaches and nectarines (Rosaceae) and grapevine Vitis (Vitaceae) are commonly reported as hosts in literature.…”

Section: Greenhousementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pest categorisation of Phlyctinus callosus

Bragard¹,

Serio²,

Gonthier³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Phlyctinus callosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the EU territory. This species is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. P. callosus is a polyphagous pest native to South Africa which has spread to Australia and New Zealand, Reunion and St Helena. Immature development takes place in the soil where larvae feed on the roots of a variety of plants including grasses, root vegetables and herbaceous plants; adults are noted as significant pests of apples, nectarines and grapes, feeding on foliage and the surface of fruit causing scarring. Soft fruits such as strawberries and blueberries can also be damaged by adult feeding. P. callosus has been intercepted in Europe on apples and peaches from South Africa. Table grapes could also provide a pathway for entry to the EU. Rooted plants for planting could also provide a potential pathway. Hosts are grown widely across the EU in areas with climates comparable to those in parts of South Africa, New Zealand and Australia where the pest is established suggesting that conditions in the EU are suitable for the establishment of P. callosus. If introduced into the EU, natural spread would be limited because adults cannot fly and must disperse by walking. However, the movement of host plants for planting within the EU could spread juvenile stages much faster and adults could spread with fruits. The prohibition of soil or growing media from third countries should prevent the entry of P. callosus larvae and pupae. Other phytosanitary measures are available to inhibit the entry of P. callosus. P. callosus satisfies the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for it to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest.

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Section: Identity and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identity and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Greenhousementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pest categorisation of Phlyctinus callosus

Bragard¹,

Serio²,

Gonthier³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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“…Morphological characteristics are often used for species description and identification. Characters such as the deciduous mandibular cusps, corbels on the hind tibiae also occur in Brachycerinae (Curculionoidea: Curculionidae) [ 3 ], and many taxa often include cryptic species complexes [ 5 , 6 ]. The morphological differences between closely related species can be so small that even professional taxonomists struggle with identification [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Genetic Distance Threshold for Entiminae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Species Delimitation via COI Barcodes

Ren

Zhang

2022

Insects

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The subfamily Entiminae is the largest group in the family Curculionidae, and it has long represented a challenge in traditional and molecular classification. Here, we analyzed intra- and interspecific genetic distances of 621 public COI barcode sequences (658bp) from 39 genera and 110 species of Entiminae, to determine parameters most congruent in retaining established species. We found that the mean intraspecific genetic distance (3.07%) was much smaller than the mean interspecific one (21.96%), but there is a wide range of overlap between intra- and interspecific genetic distances (0.77–18.01%), indicating that there is no consistent, universal barcoding gap. Specifically, DNA barcoding gap analysis for morphospecies revealed that 102 of 110 morphospecies had barcoding gaps, and 9.18% was the optimum threshold of genetic distances for 97 species delimitation. We further confirmed this threshold with barcodes from 27 morphologically identified specimens (including 21 newly reported barcodes) sequenced from five genera and seven species. We also identified thresholds to delimit congeneric species within 14 selected genera (species > 2), which varied from 7.42% (Trichalophus) to 13.48% (Barypeithes). We herein present optimal parameters for species identification in the Entiminae. Our study suggests that despite no universal genetic distance threshold value in subfamily Entiminae, 9.18% is optimal for most species. We recommend a wider sampling of geographic populations to better account for intraspecific distance variation, and that genetic distance thresholds for species delimitation should be refined at the genus level.

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Comparative assessment of heat tolerance in weevils associated with a fire‐prone ecosystem

Javal

Terblanche

Smit

et al. 2022

Ecological Entomology

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1. Fire is an important cause of disturbance which directly shapes many ecosystems worldwide. While the effect of fire on the distribution and regeneration of plant species has been widely documented, little is known on how phytophagous insects are reacting to these disturbances.2. This study explores the survival strategies of various weevil species, a highly diverse phytophagous beetle group in fire-prone ecosystems of the biodiversity hotspot of the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa. More specifically, we investigated how the lifestyle of species (location of larval development, phenology of adults, and flight ability) correlates with heat tolerance. We hypothesized that wingless species in particular will show better tolerance to heat as they have a limited ability to escape fire rapidly and usually remain hidden in the soil.3. The thermal tolerance of a set of sixteen species with divergent lifestyles and geographic distribution was measured using a standard heat knockdown protocol at 48 C. Respirometry was then performed on the most resistant species using a ramping protocol in order to determine CT max .

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Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex

Cited by 1,020 publications

References 21 publications

Pest categorisation of Phlyctinus callosus

Pest categorisation of Phlyctinus callosus

Identifying the Genetic Distance Threshold for Entiminae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Species Delimitation via COI Barcodes

Comparative assessment of heat tolerance in weevils associated with a fire‐prone ecosystem

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