Description of<i>Macrobiotus scoticus</i>sp. nov. (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae:<i>Hufelandi</i>Group) from Scotland by Means of Integrative Taxonomy

Stec, Daniel; Morek, Witold; Gąsiorek, Piotr; Blagden, Brian; Michalczyk, Łukasz

doi:10.3161/00034541anz2017.67.2.001

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…4. ITS-2: 0.5-30.6% (17.2% on average), with the most similar being Macrobiotus canaricus (Stec, Krzywański & Michalczyk, 2018) Michalczyk, 2018) and the least similar being Macrobiotus scoticus Stec et al, 2017 (KY797268) (Stec et al, 2017).…”

Section: Molecular Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new species of Tardigrada from moss cushions (Grimmia sp.) in a xerothermic habitat in northeast Tennessee (USA, North America), with the first identification of males in the genus Viridiscus

Nelson

Fletcher

Guidetti

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background The phylum Tardigrada consists of over 1,300 species that inhabit terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments throughout the world. In terrestrial habitats they live primarily in mosses, lichens, leaf litter and soil, whereas tardigrades in freshwater and marine environments are mainly found in sediments and on aquatic plants. More than 65 species have been previously reported in the state of Tennessee, USA. Methods Tardigrades present in moss cushions (Grimmia sp.) collected from a xerothermic habitat on the East Tennessee State University campus, Johnson City, TN, USA, were extracted, mounted on slides, identified, and counted. Additional samples of fresh dried moss were used for integrative analyses, including morphological analysis with phase contrast (PCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as molecular analyses of COI, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and ITS-2 of the Macrobiotus and Milnesium species. Results Five species were found, including two species new to science: Viridiscus miraviridis sp. nov. and Macrobiotus basiatus sp. nov. Viridiscus miraviridis sp. nov. differs from other members of the genus mainly by having a different type of dorsal cuticle and some other, more subtle, morphometric characters. In addition to the two new species, Viridiscus perviridis and Viridiscus viridissimus were present, and males of Vir. viridissimus were found for the first time, the first record of males in the genus Viridiscus. Macrobiotus basiatus sp. nov. is most similar to Macrobiotus nelsonae, but it differs from Mac. nelsonae mainly by the stylet supports being situated in a more anterior position, shorter and narrower egg processes, and a smaller number of areoles around the egg processes. Moreover, the identification of Milnesium inceptum was confirmed as the first record for the USA by analysis of COI.

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Section: Molecular Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new species of Tardigrada from moss cushions (Grimmia sp.) in a xerothermic habitat in northeast Tennessee (USA, North America), with the first identification of males in the genus Viridiscus

Nelson

Fletcher

Guidetti

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…scoticus Stec, Morek, Gąsiorek, Blagden and Michalczyk, 2017 (Pilato, Binda and Catanzaro, 1991) and Pam. lachowskae Stec, Roszkowska, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2018(Stec et al 2017, 2018a, 2018b, 2018c, 2018dNowak & Stec 2018;. Also, the protocol suggested for Hys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tips and tricks how to culture water bears: simple protocols for culturing eutardigrades (Tardigrada) under laboratory conditions

Roszkowska

Wojciechowska

Kmita

et al. 2021

The European Zoological Journal

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Tardigrades are microinvertebrates inhabiting almost all aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems throughout the world. They are known for their ability to enter into cryptobiosis and to survive extreme environmental conditions (e.g. lack of water, very high and low temperatures, high doses of radiation, vacuum space). Thanks to these abilities, tardigrades are excellent model organisms for various types of studies, e.g. ecological, ethological, physiological, astrobiological, biotechnological or medical, or even in integrative taxonomy. For most of these studies well-established tardigrade cultures are essential. Here we present a review of methods/protocols used in tardigrade culturing in the past. Based on this data and on our several years of experience in tardigrade culturing, we tried different methods and developed new ones that seem to be optimal. Here, we propose our own simple protocols for culturing herbivorous, omnivorous and carnivorous eutardigrade species in environmental chambers as well as in room conditions. We also describe methods for culturing rotifers, nematodes and algae, used as food sources for tardigrades. Moreover, many years of tardigrade culturing allowed us to describe the problems that may occur during culturing, explain their causes and propose solutions. We believe that these simple protocols will be very useful for many scientists planning tardigrade applications in their studies.

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“…The obtained alignment was edited and checked manually in BioEdit and then trimmed to 565 bp. The COI sequence of Macrobiotus scoticus Stec, Morek, Gąsiorek, Blagden & Michalczyk, 2017 [ 52 ] (GenBank accession number KY797267) and Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec, Arakawa & Michalczyk, 2018 [ 53 ] (MG757136–7) were used as outgroups. Given that COI is a protein coding gene, before partitioning, we divided our alignment into three data blocks constituting separated three codon positions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrative redescription of the nominal taxon for the Mesobiotus harmsworthi group (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) leads to descriptions of two new Mesobiotus species from Arctic

et al. 2018

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The Mesobiotus harmsworthi group has a global distribution, with localities in polar, temperate and tropical zones. Since the first species of the harmsworthi group was described in the beginning of the 20th century, tens of new species within the group were found and named. However, the diagnosis of the nominal Mesobiotus harmsworthi is insufficient and enigmatic, thus it can be is a serious obstacle in solving the taxonomy of this group. Here, we integratively redescribe the nominal species for the genus Mesobiotus, i.e., Mesobiotus harmsworthi and clarify taxonomic statuses of the two subspecies: M. harmsworthi harmsworthi and M. harmsworthi obscurus that have been recognised as distinct taxa for more than three decades. Traditionally, egg chorion in M. harmsworthi was considered almost smooth and without any traces of areolation, however here we report many misunderstandings that accumulated across decades and we show that, in fact, the chorion in this species exhibits a partially developed areolation. We present an integrative (morphological, morphometric and molecular) diagnosis of the nominal taxon and we confirm that it differs from other species of the harmsworthi group by morphological characters of both animals and eggs. Additionally, we describe two new species of the genus Mesobiotus: M. skorackii sp. nov. from the Kyrgyz Republic (using classical morphological description) and M. occultatus sp. nov. from Svalbard Archipelago (by means of integrative taxonomy). Finally, we also provide the first genetic phylogeny of the genus Mesobiotus based on COI sequences which, together with molecular species delimitation, independently confirms the validity of the analysed taxa.

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Description ofMacrobiotus scoticussp. nov. (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae:HufelandiGroup) from Scotland by Means of Integrative Taxonomy

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Two new species of Tardigrada from moss cushions (Grimmia sp.) in a xerothermic habitat in northeast Tennessee (USA, North America), with the first identification of males in the genus Viridiscus

Two new species of Tardigrada from moss cushions (Grimmia sp.) in a xerothermic habitat in northeast Tennessee (USA, North America), with the first identification of males in the genus Viridiscus

Tips and tricks how to culture water bears: simple protocols for culturing eutardigrades (Tardigrada) under laboratory conditions

An integrative redescription of the nominal taxon for the Mesobiotus harmsworthi group (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) leads to descriptions of two new Mesobiotus species from Arctic

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