Description of immature stages and biological notes of Cassidispa relicta Medvedev, 1957, a newly recorded species from China (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae, Hispini)

Abstract

The first instar and mature larva and pupa of Cassidisparelicta Medvedev, 1957, a newly recorded species from China, are described and figured. The chaetotaxy of the head, mouthparts, legs, and dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body is described. This is the first detailed description of immatures in the genus Cassidispa. Diagnostic characters of this species are compared with other described immatures of some Hispini genera. Biological notes on C.relicta, such as host plants, feeding patterns of adults, structure of larval mines and life history, are also presented.

The Cassidinae beetles of Longnan County (Jiangxi, China): overview and community composition

“…This method is also helpful to calrify the biology and ecology of insects, which might be hard to acquire by other methods. For Cassidinae, we can obtain much information about the adult, larva, pupa, host-plant, habitat and so on (Liao et al 2018a, Liao et al 2018b, Dai et al 2014, Dai et al 2013). Directed collecting (visual, sweeping and beating) obtained 50% of the hispine (s.…”

“…Adults were identified to the species/genus/family levels except two unknown species using keys (Chen et al 1986Borowiec and Świętojańska 2019, Staines 2012) under a stereoscopic microscope. Photos of Cassidinae beetles were taken with Canon EOS 7D and Olympus stereomicroscope SZX16 to aid in identifcation and to document the species, as in Liao et al (2018a), Liao et al (2018b). Host plants were confirmed by either larval or adult feeding damage.…”

“…and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Chen et al 1986, Liao et al 2014); Cassidispa relicta Medvedev is a severe threat to the dominant trees, Betula platyphylla Sukatchiev and Ulmus pumila L., in Inner Mongolian forests in recent years (Liao et al 2018b). Invasive Cassidinae species such as palm-feeding Brontispa longissima (Gestro) and Octodonta nipae (Maulik) are substantial threats to economic crops and native plants (Peng et al 2018, Zou et al 2019).…”

“…In 1986, the numbers increased to 49 genera and 417 species (Chen et al 1986). Currently, over 500 Cassidinae species have been reported in China (Kimoto and Takizawa 1997, Hua 2000, Borowiec and Sassi 2002, Świętojańska and Borowiec 2006, Lee and Cheng 2007, Lee and Cheng 2010, Lee et al 2016, Lee et al 2009, Lee and Sekerka 2018a, Lee and Sekerka 2018b, Lee 2015, Lee 2009, Lee and Staines 2010, Lee et al 2011, Lee et al 2012, Borowiec and Lee 2008, Borowiec and Lee 2009, Borowiec 2009, Aston 2009, Qi et al 2008, Qi 2009, Staines 2015, Borowiec and Świętojańska 2019, Liao et al 2018b, Świętojańska 2001). However, according to our collecting records in recent years, China should have higher Cassidinae richness than reported.…”

“…Most studies on Cassidine species occurring in China focus on morphological descriptions, with some with biological information including host plant records and genome composition (Chen et al 1986, Lee et al 2009, Qi 2009, Guo et al 2017a, Guo et al 2017b, Yang et al 2017, Yao et al 2017, Liao et al 2018a, Liao et al 2018b, Liu et al 2018, Peng et al 2018, Xu et al 2018), but almost none on community composition and diversity patterns (Chen et al 1986). Moreover, it was unfortunate for Cassidinae that urbanisation and agricultural activities increased anthropogenic disturbances, which have high negative impacts on their distribution, diversity and dynamics (Nummelin and Borowiec 1992, Ghate et al 2003, Chaboo 2007, Sánchez-Reyes et al 2019).…”