Description of organic pig production in Europe

Früh, Barbara; Bochicchio, Davide; Edwards, Sandra A.; Hegelund, Lene; Leeb, Christine; Sundrum, Albert; Werne, Steffen; Wiberg, Sophia; Prunier, Armelle

doi:10.1007/s13165-013-0056-9

Cited by 39 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…The number of outdoor farms is increasing in Europe due to a growing interest in organic farming systems (90), particularly from pork consumers due to animal welfare concerns. Simultaneously, veterinarians and pig producers have been urging for improvements in biosecurity, so as to avoid health threats (91).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevant Measures to Prevent the Spread of African Swine Fever in the European Union Domestic Pig Sector

et al. 2018

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During the past decade, African swine fever (ASF) has spread from the Caucasus region to eastern European Union countries affecting domestic pig and wild boar populations. In order to avert ASF spread, mitigation measures targeting both populations have been established. However, despite these efforts, ASF has been reported in thirteen different countries (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Moldova, Czech Republic, and Romania). In the absence of an effective vaccine or treatment to ASF, introduction and spread of ASF onto domestic pig farms can only be prevented by strict compliance to control measures. This study systematically reviewed available measures to prevent the spread of ASF in the EU domestic pig sector distinguishing between commercial, non-commercial, and outdoor farms. The search was performed in PubMed and using a common browser. A total of 52 documents were selected for the final review process, which included scientific articles, reports, EU documents and official recommendations, among others. From this literature review, 37 measures were identified as preventive measures for the introduction and spread of ASF. Subsequently, these measures were assessed by ASF experts for their relevance in the mitigation of ASF spread on the three mentioned types of farms. All experts agreed that some of the important preventive measures for all three types of farms were: the identification of animals and farm records; strict enforcement of the ban on swill feeding; and containment of pigs, so as to not allow direct or indirect pig–pig and/or pig–wild boar contacts. Other important preventive measures for all farms were education of farmers, workers, and operators; no contact between farmers and farm staff and external pigs; appropriate removal of carcasses, slaughter residues, and food waste; proper disposal of manure and dead animals, and abstaining from hunting activities during the previous 48 h (allowing a 48 h interval between hunting and being in contact with domestic pigs). Finally, all experts identified that the important preventive measures for non-commercial and outdoor farms is to improve access of those farms to veterinarians and health services.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevant Measures to Prevent the Spread of African Swine Fever in the European Union Domestic Pig Sector

et al. 2018

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“…The selected classification was chosen according to [1], who found that specific characteristics (e.g., farm size, breeds, live-weights at slaughtering, etc.) of organic farms suggest this differentiation into the three husbandry systems.…”

Section: General Discussion and Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together with the general growth of organic farming in many European countries, organic pig farming has expanded in recent decades [1]. However, the pig meat sector still ranks relatively low in organic product sales, particularly in comparison to the sheep and bovine sectors [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has recently been shown that organic pig farms in Europe can clearly be distinguished into three main "husbandry systems": Pigs may be kept completely outdoors in paddocks on pasture, as in most UK and Italian farms, or indoors, with access to a limited concrete outside run, as in most farms in German speaking countries. Furthermore, both systems, indoor and outdoor, may be combined on one farm for different production stages or during different seasons, as is common, for example, in Denmark or France [1,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, farm characteristics influencing these impacts are assessed by cluster and correlation analysis. Two hypotheses are tested: (1) The null hypothesis that there are no differences between husbandry systems regarding the environmental impact (GWP, AP, EP), and (2) that there are specific farm characteristics, which explain variation independent from the husbandry systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Three Husbandry Systems on Environmental Impact of Organic Pigs

et al. 2018

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This study examined the environmental impact of the three common organic pig husbandry systems, indoor (n = 24), partly outdoor (n = 30), and outdoor (n = 10), in eight European countries. Global warming (GWP), acidification (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP) was assessed per 1000 kg pig live weight on 64 farrow-to-finish pig production chains (cradle to farm gate). GWP, AP, and EP varied greatly, and the most important source was feed production, followed by housing. GWP did not differ between systems (p = 0.934), but AP in indoor systems and EP in outdoor systems were higher than in partly outdoor systems (p = 0.006 and p = 0.010, respectively). The higher AP in indoor systems can mainly be explained by NH3 arising from manure spreading, while PO4-eq arising from feed consumption and emissions on pasture accounted for the higher EP in outdoor systems. Associations of farm characteristics with (reduced) environmental impacts were mainly found for AP and EP, and included: (Increasing) farm size, numbers of piglets born and weaned per litter, (bought-in) mineral feed, and high-protein by-products, the latter probably connected to beneficial effects of appropriate dietary digestible lysine levels and feed conversion ratio. Increasing carcass weights and dietary cereal proportions were associated with higher environmental impacts. Overall, variation was mostly higher within than between systems, and measures to mitigate environmental impact were identified.

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Organic Swine Production and Nutrition

Edwards¹

2022

Sustainable Swine Nutrition

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Description of organic pig production in Europe

Cited by 39 publications

References 1 publication

Relevant Measures to Prevent the Spread of African Swine Fever in the European Union Domestic Pig Sector

Relevant Measures to Prevent the Spread of African Swine Fever in the European Union Domestic Pig Sector

Effect of Three Husbandry Systems on Environmental Impact of Organic Pigs

Organic Swine Production and Nutrition

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