Description of Pandoraea gen. nov. with Pandoraea apista sp. nov., Pandoraea pulmonicola sp. nov., Pandoraea pnomenusa sp. nov., Pandoraea sputorum sp. nov. and Pandoraea norimbergensis comb. nov.

Abstract

A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on a group of isolates tentatively identified as Burkholderia cepacia, Ralstonia pickettii or Ralstonia paucula (formerly known as CDC group IVc-2). The isolates were mainly cultured from sputum of cystic fibrosis patients or from soil. SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins and AFLP fingerprinting distinguished at least five different species, and this was confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridizations. 16S rDNA sequence analysis of representative strains indicated that these organisms belong to the β-subclass of the Proteobacteria, with the genera INTRODUCTIONThe majority of life-threatening bacterial lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are caused by a limited spectrum of bacterial pathogens which include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Burkholderia cepacia (Gilligan, 1991 ;Govan & Deretic, 1996). Other organisms which can be found regularly in respiratory tract specimens of CF patients include Haemophilus influenzae, Stenotro- phomonas maltophilia, certain fungi (e.g. Aspergillus spp.) and viruses (e.g. respiratory syncytial virus) (Gilligan, 1991). In the absence of epidemic spread, B. cepacia only infects a small proportion of CF patients, but it has a major impact on both morbidity and mortality of infected patients and the medical and psychosocial implications of B. cepacia colonization and segregation of colonized and non-colonized patients as a means of infection control are enormous (LiPuma, 1998). Accurate identification of B. cepacia is crucial in patient management and infection control practices, but may be problematic, and misidentification is relatively common (LiPuma, 1998 Vandamme et al., 1999). This report describes the polyphasic taxonomic study which was used for the characterization of these and similar isolates from the environment and human clinical specimens. The genotypic and phenotypic characteristics warranted the classification of the isolates in a novel genus, for which we propose the name Pandoraea. The genus Pandoraea contains five species : Pandoraea apista sp. nov. (the type species), Pandoraea pulmonicola sp. nov., Pandoraea pnomenusa sp. nov., Pandoraea sputorum sp. nov. and Pandoraea norimbergensis (Wittke et al. 1997) comb. nov. (basonym Burkholderia norimbergensis). The name Burkholderia norimbergensis was proposed by Wittke et al. (1997) for a single bacterial isolate capable of hetrotrophic sulfur oxidation, which was isolated from an oxic water layer above a sulfide-containing sediment. METHODSBacterial strains and growth conditions. Strains used in this study are listed in Table 1. All strains were grown aerobically on Trypticase Soy Agar (BBL) at 37 mC unless otherwise indicated.Phenotypic characterization. Classical phenotypic tests were performed as described previously (Vandamme et al., 1993). API ZYM and API20 NE tests were performed according to the recommendations of the manufacturer (bioMe! rieux). Flagella staining was performed using a solution of tannic acid (2 g)\phenol (5 %, w\v)\KAl(SO % ) # (satura...

Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis: 2013 Update

“…204,205 207 and S. aureus can also be recovered from 48% of oropharyngeal swabs of healthy children 18 years of age and younger. 208 In Germany, the anterior nares of 72 individuals with CF aged 1-25 years and 72 age-matched non-CF controls as well as 128 family members of 38 children with CF and 79 family members of 23 children without CF were studied to compare the frequency of S. aureus colonization.…”

Clinical and Microbiological Features of a Cystic Fibrosis Patient Chronically Colonized with Pandoraea sputorum Identified by Combining 16S rRNA Sequencing and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

“…This organism, previously identified in respiratory secretions of CF patients (6,14), has demonstrated pathogenicity in an in vitro model with lung cells (4). P. sputorum isolates triggered a pronounced proinflammatory response, with elevation of interleukin 8 (IL-8) similar to that seen with other Pandoraea species and well-established CF pathogens, such as P. aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex (4).…”

“…When applying conventional identification phenotypic methods, the microbiology laboratory commonly misidentifies this pathogen as Ralstonia or Burkholderia species, the two genera that are phylogenetically most closely related to Pandoraea spp. (6,11,14). In CF, correct identification of the different pathogens is extremely important for the clinical management of the patient colonized by these organisms, which might exhibit distinct degrees of pathogenicity (4,8).…”

Género Pandoraea

“…Todos los aislados fueron resistentes a ampicilina y cefazolina y la mayoría resistente a cefalosporinas de espectro extendido, aztreonam, piperacilina y aminoglucósidos. Es variable para fluoroquinolonas y presenta un patrón singular de resistencia a carbapenems: son resistentes a meropenem pero susceptibles a imipenem 1,4 . En un estudio reciente efectuado en Alemania, se ha encontrado una cepa de P. pnomenusa resistente a imipenem 5 , lo que hace importante su identificación hasta el nivel de especie.…”