Description of the Resin Curing Process—Formulation and Optimization

Muc, Aleksander; Romanowicz, Paweł; Chwał, Małgorzata

doi:10.3390/polym11010127

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…In defected areas lowering of density and thermal conductivity is observed, and also the thermal diffusivity is different, what finally influences on heat transfer within the material. 13,19,20 Diffusivity a (m 2 s À1 ) is given by…”

Section: Theoretical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical analysis of heat convection in cylindrical composite structures with internal defects

Muc

Chwał

Stawiarski

2019

Advanced Composites Letters

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The present article discusses the influence of delamination and external loads on the heat transfer in flat and curved laminated panels. Three cases are considered in details: (1) the unloaded structure (length is a constant), (2) the static loading, and (3) the fatigue loading. Here, the comparison between experimental and numerical (finite element method) results is presented. The numerical model allows us to adopt implementations of various boundary conditions as well as the size of delamination. The influence of the shallowness parameter and the thermal resistance is demonstrated. The experimental detection of temperature contours during the cooling process has been conducted at different points in the area surrounding the delamination.

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Section: Theoretical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical analysis of heat convection in cylindrical composite structures with internal defects

Muc

Chwał

Stawiarski

2019

Advanced Composites Letters

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“…Previously published work on cure-dependent resin behavior mainly focused on better understanding of conventional prepreg and RTM manufacturing processes [1][2][3][4]. Only few attempts were made to analyze the process-dependent properties of fast curing resins [5,6]. Furthermore, pressure dependence is often neglected, which is questionable when it comes to newly developed technologies with high impregnation speed like high pressure RTM (HP-RTM) or wet compression molding [7].…”

Section: Intr Introduction Oductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visco-thermo-elastic Simulation Approach For Prediction of Cure-induced Residual Stresses in Fiber Reinforced Composites

Müller¹,

Müller-Pabel²,

Lorenz³

et al. 2021

Esaform 2021

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Liquid composite molding (LCM) has established as a high quality manufacturing process for fiber reinforced composite structures. In order to reduce cycle times significantly, novel fast curing matrix resins are being introduced into series production. These put high requirements on process control and part reproducibility. Problems that may be encountered in this context involve process-induced distortion and surface waviness resulting from anisotropic and cure-dependent material properties. Numerical simulations represent a powerful approach to avoid the use of costly trial-and-error methods. For this reason, a simulation approach is being developed which aims at the prediction of residual stresses and accompanying effects on different length scales. Based on a resin characterization comprising reaction kinetics, cure-dependent relaxation modulus as well as thermal expansion and pressure-dependent chemical shrinkage, a generalized MAXWELL model is selected to describe the process-related mechanical behavior of the thermoset. Taking into account the influence of the process parameters on the resin properties enables a detailed analysis of process-property-relationships. By this, the developed simulation approach offers the possibility of a comprehensive analysis of both local and global process-induced phenomena and hence prevention of flaws.

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“…Guan [ 25 ] optimised the curing cycle for T800/X850 carbon fibre-reinforced plastic while ensuring mechanical properties. Muc [ 26 ] proposed a two-dimensional simulation method to discuss the influence of the resin curing process on residual stresses in thick thermosetting composites and concluded that by choosing an optimised curing cycle, the residual stresses could be reduced substantially. Lee [ 27 ] measured the temperature distribution in a 20 mm-thick unidirectional glass/EP laminate in the autoclave process and compared it with numerical results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Objective Optimisation of Curing Cycle of Thick Aramid Fibre/Epoxy Composite Laminates

et al. 2021

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Aramid fibre-reinforced epoxy composites (AF/EP) are promising materials in the aerospace, transportation, and civil fields owing to their high strength, high modulus, and light weight. Thick composite laminates are gradually being applied to large composite structures such as wind turbine blades. During curing, temperature overheating is a common problem in thick composites, which leads to matrix degradation, thermal residual stresses, and uneven curing. This paper proposes a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method to optimise the curing cycle of thick AF/EP laminates and reduce the overheating temperature. During curing, the temperature and strain evolution in a thick AF/EP laminate were monitored using fibre Bragg grating sensors. The effects of the curing factors on the overheating temperature of the thick AF/EP laminate were evaluated using the Taguchi method and predicted via the SNR method and analysis of variance. The results indicate that the dwelling temperature is the main factor affecting the overheating temperature. The optimal curing cycle involves an overheating temperature of 192.72 °C, which constitutes an error of 2.58% compared to the SNR method predictions. Additionally, in comparison to the initial curing cycle, the overshoot temperature in the optimised curing cycle was reduced by 58.48 °C, representing a reduction ratio of 23.28%.

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Description of the Resin Curing Process—Formulation and Optimization

Cited by 24 publications

References 82 publications

Experimental and numerical analysis of heat convection in cylindrical composite structures with internal defects

Experimental and numerical analysis of heat convection in cylindrical composite structures with internal defects

Visco-thermo-elastic Simulation Approach For Prediction of Cure-induced Residual Stresses in Fiber Reinforced Composites

Multi-Objective Optimisation of Curing Cycle of Thick Aramid Fibre/Epoxy Composite Laminates

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