Descriptive Analysis of Circulating Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Țoc, Dan Alexandru; Butiuc-Keul, Anca; Iordache, Dumitrana; Botan, Alexandru; Mihaila, Razvan Marian; Costache, Carmen; Colosi, Ioana Alina; Chiorean, Claudia; Neagoe, Dan Stefan; Gheorghiu, Liana; Junie, Lia Monica

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10051122

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Previous works have reported that worldwide, the frequency of the vanA gene is higher; however, in a study in Germany in the COVID-19 pandemic, the presence of the vanB gene was detected in high frequency [ 140 ]. Moreover, other studies in Czech Republic and Romania identified the vanA and vanA/vanB genes, respectively, in Enterococcus isolates [ 141 , 153 ]. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that the epidemiology from region to region is different, so the use of molecular tools is essential because this can help us to understand the distribution of resistance genes and could have an impact on the treatment of patients.…”

Section: Enterococcusmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESKAPE and Beyond: The Burden of Coinfections in the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2023

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The ESKAPE group constitute a threat to public health, since these microorganisms are associated with severe infections in hospitals and have a direct relationship with high mortality rates. The presence of these bacteria in hospitals had a direct impact on the incidence of healthcare-associated coinfections in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In recent years, these pathogens have shown resistance to multiple antibiotic families. The presence of high-risk clones within this group of bacteria contributes to the spread of resistance mechanisms worldwide. In the pandemic, these pathogens were implicated in coinfections in severely ill COVID-19 patients. The aim of this review is to describe the main microorganisms of the ESKAPE group involved in coinfections in COVID-19 patients, addressing mainly antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, epidemiology, and high-risk clones.

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Section: Enterococcusmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESKAPE and Beyond: The Burden of Coinfections in the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2023

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“…Considering all these factors, it is also important to note that during the COVID-19 pandemic there was an increase in antimicrobial usage in order to fight these secondary infections, which means that a corresponding increase in bacterial resistance to these compounds is also to be expected [ 229 ]. This has been reflected in the enterococcal population with reports of increments in highly resistant strains of Enterococcus [ 233 ], including VRE [ 234 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 and Enterococcusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterococcus Virulence and Resistant Traits Associated with Its Permanence in the Hospital Environment

et al. 2022

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Enterococcus are opportunistic pathogens that have been gaining importance in the clinical setting, especially in terms of hospital-acquired infections. This problem has mainly been associated with the fact that these bacteria are able to present intrinsic and extrinsic resistance to different classes of antibiotics, with a great deal of importance being attributed to vancomycin-resistant enterococci. However, other aspects, such as the expression of different virulence factors including biofilm-forming ability, and its capacity of trading genetic information, makes this bacterial genus more capable of surviving harsh environmental conditions. All these characteristics, associated with some reports of decreased susceptibility to some biocides, all described in this literary review, allow enterococci to present a longer survival ability in the hospital environment, consequently giving them more opportunities to disseminate in these settings and be responsible for difficult-to-treat infections.

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“…They also constitute the second most commonly reported cause of surgical wound infections and the third most often reported cause of bacteremia [33,34]. Moreover, enterococci have been reported as the main Gram-positive bacteria causing hospital-acquired infections during and after the COVID 19 pandemic [35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Potential and Antibiotic Susceptibility: A Comprehensive Study of Enterococci from Different Ecological Settings

Pandova,

Kizheva,

Tsenova

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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The pathway and the lifestyle of known enterococcus species are too complicated. The aim of the present study is to trace the path of pathogenicity of enterococci isolated from seven habitats (Cornu aspersum intestine; Bulgarian yoghurt; goat and cow feta cheese—mature and young, respectively; Arabian street food—doner kebab; cow milk; and human breast milk) by comparing their pathogenic potential. In total, 72 enterococcal strains were isolated and identified by MALDI-TOF, sequencing, and PCR. Hemolytic and gelatinase activity were biochemically determined. PCR was carried out for detection of virulence factors (cylB, esp, gls24, nucl, psaA, agg, gelE, and ace) and antibiotic resistance (erm, ermB, blaZ, vanA, aphA, mefA, gyrA, catpIP501, and aac6′-aph2″). Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was assigned according to EUCAST. Eleven representatives of the genus Enterococcus were identified: E. mundtii, E. casseliflavus, E. gilvus, E. pseudoavium, E. pallens, E. malodoratus, E. devriesei, E. gallinarum, E. durans, E. faecium, and E. faecalis. Twenty-two strains expressed α-hemolysis. Thirteen strains had the cylB gene. Only two strains expressed α-hemolysis and possessed the cylB gene simultaneously. Positive amplification for gelE was found in 35% of the isolates, but phenotypic gelatinase activity was observed only in three strains. All isolates showed varying antibiotic resistance. Only E. faecalis BM15 showed multiple resistance (AMP-HLSR-RP). Correlation between genotypic and phenotypic macrolide resistance was revealed for two E. faecalis strains.

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Descriptive Analysis of Circulating Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

ESKAPE and Beyond: The Burden of Coinfections in the COVID-19 Pandemic

ESKAPE and Beyond: The Burden of Coinfections in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Enterococcus Virulence and Resistant Traits Associated with Its Permanence in the Hospital Environment

Pathogenic Potential and Antibiotic Susceptibility: A Comprehensive Study of Enterococci from Different Ecological Settings

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