Descriptive Analysis of Epileptic Seizures and Problem Behavior in Adults With Developmental Disabilities

Roberts, Celeste; Yoder, Paul J.; Kennedy, Craig H.

doi:10.1352/0895-8017(2005)110[405:daoesa]2.0.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Physical distress caused by non-psychiatric medical problems can provoke changes in mood and behaviour in people with ID (Carr & Owen-Deschryer 2007;Nikolov 2008). Health problems identified as causing or worsening behaviour problems in this population are various, ranging from ear infections, premenstrual pain, sleep disturbances and allergies, to dental pain, seizures and Gastrointestinal (GI) distress (Gunsett et al 1989;Kennedy & Meyer 1996;Bosch et al 1997;O'Reilly 1997;Bohmer et al 2001;Carr et al 2003;Molloy & Manning-Courtney 2003;Roberts et al 2005;Kennedy et al 2007;Mathews et al 2008). In behavioural terms, feeling ill, in pain or generally distressed because of a physical problem [i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐psychiatric health problems among psychiatric inpatients with intellectual disabilities

Charlot

Abend

Ravin³

et al. 2011

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background Physical distress resulting from medical problems has been found to cause increased behavior problems in with Intellectual Disabilities (ID). Despite this fact, little has been documented on the medical problems of individuals with ID admitted for inpatient psychiatric care. We conducted an exploratory investigation based on a retrospective chart review of the medical problems and medications for 198 people with ID who had been admitted to a specialized inpatient psychiatric unit. Most patients were referred for admission because of aggressive, disruptive and self-injurious behaviors. The average length of stay was 17.6 days. Method We tallied the total number of medical problems and medications listed in the patients’ discharge summaries. Because longer stays are disruptive, costly and associated with greater overall impairment, we examined the relationship between length of stay and frequency of discharge medical diagnoses. We also assessed whether or not the number of psychoactive medications correlated with the number of medical diagnoses. The effects of other demographic and diagnostic variables on rates of medical diagnoses and medications were also evaluated, including gender, age group (16–25, 26–45, 46–60, > 60), level of ID (Mild, moderate or severe ID), and diagnosis of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Down syndrome (DS). Results Inpatients with a higher number of medical diagnoses had longer lengths of stay (Spearman r = +.32, p < 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between number of psychoactive medications and number of medical problems (Spearman r = + .32, p < 0.0001). The most frequent medical comorbidity was constipation, reported in 60% of the inpatients (n = 118), while Gastro- Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) was identified in 38% (n = 75). Older inpatients had an increased number of medical problems, as might be expected, but a diagnosis of an ASD, gender, and level of ID had no detectible effect on rates of either medical diagnoses or medications. There were only 13 inpatients with DS; in this modest sample, it was found that they had higher rates of osteoarthritis, cardiac problems, hearing loss, hypothyroidism, and sleep apnea than peers without DS, as is consistent with previous findings on overrepresented conditions in this trisomy. Conclusions In the present study, individuals with ID admitted for inpatient psychiatric care exhibited high rates of medical problems, and these were associated with duration of inpatient stay. Based on these findings, further investigation of the effects of medical problems on behavior among individuals with ID admitted for inpatient psychiatric care is warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐psychiatric health problems among psychiatric inpatients with intellectual disabilities

Charlot

Abend

Ravin³

et al. 2011

J intellect Disabil Res

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“…There is a lack of knowledge regarding the causal mechanisms that underlie the observed relationship between epilepsy and challenging behavior. Roberts, Yoder, and Kennedy (2005) demonstrated that epileptic seizures experienced by three individuals were temporally associated with the occurrence of challenging behavior as recorded by care staff. The interaction between seizure occurrence and environmental events was not assessed; therefore, it is unclear whether seizures functioned as a motivating operation or by some other behavioral mechanism.…”

Section: Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 95%

Incorporating “Motivation” Into the Functional Analysis of Challenging Behavior

2007

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Sensitivity theory attempts to account for the variability often observed in challenging behavior by recourse to the "aberrant motivation" of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. In this article, we suggest that a functional analysis based on environmental (challenging environments) and biological (challenging needs) motivating operations provides a more parsimonious and empirically grounded account of challenging behavior than that proposed by sensitivity theory. It is argued that the concept of the motivating operation provides a means of integrating diverse strands of research without the undue inference of mentalistic constructs. An integrated model of challenging behavior is proposed, one that remains compatible with the central tenets of functional analysis.

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“…Psychiatric and medical diagnoses are generally more difficult to establish in PWID with lower functional levels, secondary to limited social skills, limited verbal communication, potential presence of behavioural problems and environmental factors (Deb and Hunter, 1991;Roberts et al, 2005;Smith and Matson, 2010). Traditional methods of assessing psychiatric disorders rely on self-reporting, interviews and behavioural observations (Smith and Matson, 2010).…”

Section: Behaviour Change In People With Intellectual Disabilities (Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peri-ictal behavioural change in people with an intellectual disability

York¹,

Kerr²

2014

Epileptology

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Descriptive Analysis of Epileptic Seizures and Problem Behavior in Adults With Developmental Disabilities

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Non‐psychiatric health problems among psychiatric inpatients with intellectual disabilities

Non‐psychiatric health problems among psychiatric inpatients with intellectual disabilities

Incorporating “Motivation” Into the Functional Analysis of Challenging Behavior

Peri-ictal behavioural change in people with an intellectual disability

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