Descriptive Analysis of Patients Living With HIV Affected by COVID-19

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 disease has spread globally and was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization. On March 10, the State of Michigan confirmed its first 2 cases of COVID-19, and the number of confirmed cases has reached 47,182 as of May 11, 2020, with 4555 deaths. Setting: Currently, little is known if patients living with HIV (PLWH) are at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 or if their antiretrovirals are protective. This study presents epidemiologic and clinical features of COVID-19 infected PLWH in Detroit, Michigan. Methods: This is a case series that included 14 PLWH with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection who were evaluated at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, between March 20, 2020, and April 30, 2020. Results: Fourteen PLWH were diagnosed with COVID-19. Twelve patients were men and 2 were women; 13 patients were virally suppressed. Eight patients were hospitalized, and 6 patients were told to self-quarantine at home after their diagnoses. Three patients who were admitted expired during their hospital stay. No patient required bilevel positive airway pressure or nebulizer use in the emergency department, and none developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, or a cytokine storm while on therapy for COVID-19. Conclusion: Although the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 among PLWH cannot be fully ascertained by this report, it adds to the data that suggest that HIV-positive patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are not at a greater risk of severe disease or death as compared to HIV-negative patients.

Human immunodeficiency virus and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…At the end of December 2019, the first cases of a newly discovered acute respiratory illness named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) were reported in Wuhan, China. 1 By January 2021, >88.3 million infections and 1.9 million deaths worldwide had been reported.…”

“…Results from observational studies have been conflicting. 17,18,19,20 This meta-analysis aims to explore the impact of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection on the mortality outcomes of COVID-19 based on available observational studies.…”

Infecciones fúngicas en pacientes con COVID-19

“…Por un lado, varios informes postulan que la inmunosupresión y los recuentos bajos de células CD4+ podrían actuar como un factor de protección debido a que se atenúa la posibilidad de desarrollar la tormenta de citocinas observada en pacientes con COVID-19 (28). Mientras que otros autores han demostrado que los pacientes VIH positivos tuvieron peor evolución que los pacientes VIH negativos (29), o no se han demostrado diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos (30). En nuestra serie pudimos observar que los factores de riesgo para COVID-19 grave, como la diabetes, la obesidad y la hipertensión, fueron estadísticamente más frecuentes en enfermos VIH negativos (Tabla 2).…”

Osobennosti techeniya sochetannoj infekcii VICH/SARS-CoV-2 v usloviyah pandemii

“…О сходстве в течении COVID-19 у пациентов с контролируемой ВИЧ-инфекцией (о чем свидетельствуют высокий уровень CD4 + -Т-клеток и низкая вирусная нагрузка) и населения в целом упоминается еще в нескольких исследованиях, авторы которых заключают, что зарегистрированные летальные случаи обусловлены пожилым возрастом и наличием множественных сопутствующих заболеваний [25,26].…”

“…Однако rs1042522 в большей степени известен как маркер, входящий в состав экспертной панели фармакогенетической базы данных Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase, который связан с измененной реакцией организма на некоторые противоопухолевые препараты [26]. Есть данные о высокой корреляции аллеля p53 Pro с токсичностью при химиотерапии [27], а также о том, что генотипы Pro/Pro коррелируют с более низкой скоростью ответа на химиотерапию фторурацилом у пациентов с раком желудка по сравнению с генотипом Arg/Arg [28].…”