Descriptive Analysis of Rheumatic Heart Disease Related Complications in Pediatric Patients at Tertiary Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Desta, Temesgen Tsega; Gezachew, Alem; Eshetu, Konjit

doi:10.2147/phmt.s396854

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Severe acute malnutrition and severe anemia were common comorbidities in both RHD groups, consistent with a tertiary hospital study in Ethiopia that found malnutrition in 50.7% of patients [12]. At admission, 89.7% of patients had class IV heart failure, with comparable gures between the two groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Clinical Characteristics and Patterns of Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases.

Libe,

Kelil,

Tegene

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Rheumatic heart disease remains a significant health burden in resource-limited settings. This study investigates the clinical characteristics and valve lesion patterns of RHD in children from Eastern Ethiopia, comparing newly diagnosed and known RHD patients. Objective: This study aims to characterize the clinical features and valve lesion patterns in children with Rheumatic heart disease and provide a comparative analysis between newly diagnosed and known cases. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2021. A total of 39 children with RHD were included, with data collected from medical records, clinical assessments, and echocardiographic evaluations. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for analysis. Results: Among the 39 children studied, 25 were newly diagnosed and 14 were known RHD cases. The majority were female (71.8%). The median age was 10 years. Shortness of breath (53.9%) and cough (38.5%) were the most common presenting complaints. Only 14.3% of known RHD patients were adherent to secondary prophylaxis. Severe acute malnutrition and severe anemia were the most common comorbidities. Class IV heart failure was present in 89.7% of the patients. Echocardiographic findings revealed that all patients had mitral valve involvement, with mitral regurgitation (94.9%) being the most frequent. Conclusion: The study highlights significant clinical characteristics and valve lesion patterns among children with Rheumatic heart disease at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis, improved adherence to prophylaxis, and targeted interventions to manage comorbidities and advanced heart failure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Clinical Characteristics and Patterns of Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases.

Libe,

Kelil,

Tegene

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The most common complication encountered was heart failure (61.4%), followed by pulmonary hypertension (59.3%), malnutrition (50.7%), and infectious endocarditis (3.6%). 3 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Despite the fact that patients with RF/RHD require early medical attention and follow-up, a significant number of patients in developing nations tends to present with debilitating complications such as heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and arrhythmias. 3 In the diagnosis and management of RHD, echocardiography has the ability to detect up to 10 times more cases compared to relying solely on clinical examination. 4,5 Likewise, echocardiography is an indispensable tool by providing valuable information about the severity of valve lesions, left ventricular (LV) chamber size, LV function, and pulmonary Vascular Health and Risk Management 2024:20 157-166 artery pressure, which are important indicators of cardiac health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Echocardiographic Parameters and Complication Profiles Among Adult Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease at Jimma Medical Center

Berhanu,

Mossie,

Morankar

et al. 2024

VHRM

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Background Despite the fact that patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) need early medical attention and follow-up, most patients in developing countries tend to present with debilitating complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the echocardiographic features of adult individuals diagnosed with RHD and examine the associated complications among patients who started follow-up at Jimma Medical Center’s (JMC) cardiac follow-up clinic. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at JMC between January 5 and April 15, 2023. Echocardiographic patterns were taken by senior cardiologists; socio-demographic variables, anthropometric measurements, and behavioral factors were collected through a structured questioner. Results The study recruited a total of 115 participants, of whom 86 (74.8%) were female and 29 (25.2%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 32.31 (SD± 12.16) years. The mitral valve was affected in 98.26% of cases, while the aortic and tricuspid valve abnormalities were diagnosed in 49.5% and 21.7%, respectively. The most frequent combinations of valve lesions were mitral regurgitation (MR) + mitral stenosis (MS) + aortic regurgitation (AR) (15.7%), followed by MR + AR + TR (8.7%). The occurrence of MR+MS+AR was higher in females (17.4%) compared to males (10.3%), whereas the occurrence of MS+MR was higher in males (24.1%) compared to females (20.9%). Females have a severely reduced ejection fraction compared to males (84.8% vs 15.2%, P = 0.044). Nearly two-thirds (63.5%) of individuals experienced RHD-related complications; the most commonly encountered complications were pulmonary hypertension (26.1%) and atrial fibrillation (19.1%). Conclusion RHD predominantly affects individuals in their active and productive years, particularly females. Most patients have multiple-valve lesions.

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“… 27 A similar study done by Desta et al also reported that 136 (97.1%) of patients had mitral regurgitation, which was significantly higher than our study findings. 28 This variation could be due to differences in study design and sample size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiologies and Patterns of Valvular Heart Disease Among Cardiac Patients at the Cardiac Center of Ethiopia During February 2000 to April 2022

Adere¹,

Bedru²,

Afework³

2023

IJGM

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Background The leading global contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is valvular heart disease. It is on the rise worldwide, including in the developing countries. However, the prevalence, patterns, and etiologies of valvular heart disease have not been well studied in Ethiopia. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, patterns, and etiologies of valvular heart disease at the Cardiac Center of Ethiopia from February 2000 to April 2022. Methods This institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2000 and April 2022. Data from three thousand two hundred fifty-seven VHD were extracted from the electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics, such as the frequency, mean ± standard deviation, and cross tabulations, were used to summarize the data. Results Of 10,588 total cardiac cases registered and treated at the Cardiac Centre of Ethiopia from February 2000 to April 2022, 30.8% (3257) were diagnosed with VHD. The most typical diagnosis for VHD was multi-valvular involvement, which accounted for 49.5% of cases (1612), followed by pulmonary stenosis (15%) and mitral regurgitation (14.3%). Females were more likely to develop valve diseases than males, being at the highest risk for each identified etiology of valve disease 1928 (59.2%). The majority percentages of the population affected by VHD were between 18 and 44 age category 1473 (45.2%). The most common etiology of VHD was rheumatic 2015 (61.87%), followed by congenital origin 828 (25.42%). Conclusion VHD affects nearly one-third of all cardiac cases admitted to the hospital. Multi-valvular involvement is the most commonly diagnosed form of VHD. Rheumatic causes were more prevalent in this study. As found in this study, VHD affects a significant percentage of the population, which in turn could have an impact on the country’s economy and deserve attention as a possible means of intervention.

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Descriptive Analysis of Rheumatic Heart Disease Related Complications in Pediatric Patients at Tertiary Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Clinical Characteristics and Patterns of Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases.

Clinical Characteristics and Patterns of Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases.

Echocardiographic Parameters and Complication Profiles Among Adult Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease at Jimma Medical Center

Etiologies and Patterns of Valvular Heart Disease Among Cardiac Patients at the Cardiac Center of Ethiopia During February 2000 to April 2022

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