Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

Rezende, Wender Santos; Brito, Césio Humberto de; Brandão, Afonso Maria; Franco, Cláudio José Faria; Ferreira, Maurício Viana; Ferreira, Adão de Siqueira

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2015000300003

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…No Brasil, a baixa produtividade do milho está associada ao uso de cultivares não adaptadas às condições regionais e à redução da área foliar, incitada por estresses climáticos e biológicos, como o regime hídrico sazonal, a baixa fertilidade, o arranjo populacional inadequado, o ataque de insetos -praga desfolhadores, a fitotoxidade por defensivos ou fertilizantes e, ainda, injúrias por tráfego agrícola (Rezende et al, 2015).…”

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Respostas Morfoagronômicas De Milho Submetido a Desfolha Artificial

Trogello

Borges

Oliveira

et al. 2017

RBMS

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características morfoagronômicas do híbrido simples de milho em função da aplicação de diferentes intensidades de desfolha artificial, realizadas no estádio R1 de desenvolvimento. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Instituto Federal Goiano,em Morrinhos-GO, na safra 2015/2016.Foi aplicado o delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados, com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo eles: remoção de uma folha acima e uma abaixo da espiga; remoção de duas folhas acima e abaixo da espiga; remoção de três folhas acima e abaixo da espiga; remoção de todas as folhas da planta; remoção de todas as folhas acima da espiga; remoção de todas as folhas abaixo da espiga; remoção da folha da espiga; e testemunha sem desfolha. Os caracteres avaliados foram: estande de plantas, número de plantas acamadas, prolificidade, densidade de colmo, comprimento e diâmetro de espiga, comprimento de grão, massa de mil grãos, massa de grãos espiga -1 e produtividade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade, observando que todas as variáveis avaliadas foram influenciadas quanto aos efeitos dos tratamentos empregados. O enchimento dos grãos esteve intimamente relacionado à fotossíntese. Sem as folhas, esta fase ficou plenamente comprometida. Palavras-chave:Zea mays, fotoassimilados, translocação, índice de área foliar, rendimento. MORPHOAGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MAIZE AS A FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ARTIFICIAL DEFOLIATIONABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate of morphoagronomic characteristics of simple hybrids of maize, depending on the application of different intensities of artificial defoliation, carried out in R1, when the style-stigma were fertilized. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of the Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, State of Goiás, Brazil, during the agricultural year 2015/2016. We applied the design of completely randomized block with eight treatments, in four replications: removal of a leaf above and one below the ear; removal of two leaves above and below the ear; removal of three leaves above and below the ear; removal of all leaves of the plant; removal of all leaves above the ear; removal of all leaves below the ear; removal of the leaf of the ear; and control without defoliation. The traits evaluated were stand of plants, number of plant lodging, prolificacy, density, length and diameter of the cob, length of a grain, weight of a thousand grains, grain mass cob -1 and productivity. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance by F test at 5% probability, noting that all variables were influenced as to the effects of the treatments used. The filling of grains is closely related to photosynthesis. Without the leaves, this phase was fully damaged.

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Respostas Morfoagronômicas De Milho Submetido a Desfolha Artificial

Trogello

Borges

Oliveira

et al. 2017

RBMS

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“…Such findings were also reported by Gaias et al (2017), where the highest plant height was shown in the control, then it decreased from V4 or when the leaf removal occurred in the middle and upper third. Additionally, Rezende et al (2015) found that the greater the leaf removal, the smaller the plant height and, consequently, the ears insertion height.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Induced Defoliation and Corn Productivity Performance

Silva¹,

Dalchiavon²

2020

JAS

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Due to the change in the environment, diseases and insects can reduce the leaf area of agricultural crops. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of induced defoliation on the vegetative and reproductive phases of corn on its agronomic characteristics. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Mato Grosso Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Campo Novo do Parecis campus, in a second crop system in the 2017/2018 agricultural year, with sowing in March. This study used a randomized complete block design, consisting of 24 treatments and three replications, comprising eight phenological stages. The treatments were performed from the fourth leaf stage (V4) to physiological maturation (R5), with defoliation in the lower, middle and upper thirds of the plant. The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter, ears insertion height, ears length, ears diameter, ears weight, number of rows per ears, number of grains per row, weight of grain per ears, prolificity; harvest index, weight of one thousand grains and grain yield. Defoliation between the fourth (V4) and twelfth leaves (V12) does not interfere in the evaluated characteristics. Grain and ear weight are interfered when defoliation occurs in the middle and upper third of plants in V12. Defoliation between flowering (R1) and beginning of grain filling (R2) negatively affects the weight of one thousand grains, grain and ear weight, and may reduce grain yield by up to 30%. Defoliation in the upper third of the plant significantly reduces the diameter and length of ears, grain and corn ear of the corn crop.The results obtained in this research show the importance of adopting a productive management for high technological corn, where the genotypic characteristics of the crop can play their potential, offsetting the adversities that may damage its leaf area. ConclusionsDefoliation between the fourth (V4) and twelfth leaves (V12) does not interfere in the evaluated characteristics, except for grain and ears weight when defoliation occurs in the middle and upper third of plants in V12. Defoliation between flowering (R1) and beginning of grain filling (R2) negatively affects the weight of one thousand grains, grain and ear weight, and can reduce grain yield by up to 30%. Defoliation in the upper third of the plant significantly reduces the ear diameters and lengths, and the grain and ear weight of the corn crop.

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“…Differently, Rezende et al (2015) also evaluating the defoliation in maize plants but in V4 stage obtained results in which the defoliation of 4 or more leaves significantly reduced the height of spike insertion. Khaliliaqdam et al (2012) also verified at the time of spike insertion, performing defoliation between stages V6 and V8 of the corn crop.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Artificial Defoliation in Different Levels on Agronomic Characteristics in Corn Culture

Kuhn¹,

Kestring²,

Pagnoncelli³

et al. 2017

JAS

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The objectives of the present work were to evaluate the effects caused by defoliation at different levels in the corn crop, evaluating the agronomic characteristics and yield of maize. The experiment was conducted in the period from September to January, harvest 2016/2017. The experimental design was a randomized block, consisting of five treatments composed of different levels of defoliation of corn plants with four replicates: T1: Witness, without defoliation of plants; T2: Removal of all leaves of the plant; T3: leaves only in the lower third of the plant; T4: Leaves only in the middle third of the plant; T5: Leaves only in the upper third of the plant. Defoliation procedures were performed at the beginning of the VT reproductive stage of maize. The following parameters were evaluated: Spike insertion height; Diameter of the stem; Ear length; Spike diameter; Number of rows of grains on the spike; Number of grains in row; Final Productivity; Weight of a thousand seeds. The results were significant in almost all analyzed variables, where superior results were obtained by the T1 control, followed by T4. It was concluded that the best results were obtained by the control in which there was no defoliation, but there was no significant difference with the results obtained by the treatment in which there were only leaves in the middle third of the plant. From these results it can be affirmed the great importance of the median leaves above and below the spike insertion.

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Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Respostas Morfoagronômicas De Milho Submetido a Desfolha Artificial

Respostas Morfoagronômicas De Milho Submetido a Desfolha Artificial

Induced Defoliation and Corn Productivity Performance

Effect of Artificial Defoliation in Different Levels on Agronomic Characteristics in Corn Culture

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