Desiccation, Flight, Glycogen, and Postponed Senescence in Drosophila melanogaster

Graves, Joseph L.; Toolson, Eric C.; Jeong, Chan Young; Vu, L. N.; Rose, Michael R.

doi:10.1086/physzool.65.2.30158253

Cited by 178 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Mutations in genes affecting fertility, DNA repair and cellular aging, resistance to environmental stress, and lipid and glycogen content have been associated with altered lifespan and the aging process (12,(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). Candidate loci affecting all of these traits are found in the genomic regions to which QTLs affecting lifespan map (ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This question can only be addressed by determining at what loci segregating variation for lifespan occurs in natural populations and by evaluating the distribution of allelic effects at each. Analyses of physiological correlates of longevity in Drosophila lines selected for postponed senescence have implicated loci involved in stress response and lipid biosynthesis in the selection response (12,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32). Additional candidate loci associated with the aging process are those affecting somatic mutation rate and cellular aging (27,(33)(34)(35)(36).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sex-specific quantitative trait loci affecting longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Nuzhdin

Pasyukova

Dilda

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

315

267

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Senescence, the decline in survivorship and fertility with increasing age, is a near-universal property of organisms. Senescence and limited lifespan are thought to arise because weak natural selection late in life allows the accumulation of mutations with deleterious late-age effects that are either neutral (the mutation accumulation hypothesis) or beneficial (the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis) early in life. Analyses of Drosophila spontaneous mutations, patterns of segregating variation and covariation, and lines selected for late-age fertility have implicated both classes of mutation in the evolution of aging, but neither their relative contributions nor the properties of individual loci that cause aging in nature are known. To begin to dissect the multiple genetic causes of quantitative variation in lifespan, we have conducted a genome-wide screen for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting lifespan that segregate among a panel of recombinant inbred lines using a dense molecular marker map. Five autosomal QTLs were mapped by composite interval mapping and by sequential multiple marker analysis. The QTLs had large sex-specific effects on lifespan and agespecific effects on survivorship and mortality and mapped to the same regions as candidate genes with fertility, cellular aging, stress resistance and male-specific effects. Late ageof-onset QTL effects are consistent with the mutation accumulation hypothesis for the evolution of senescence, and sex-specific QTL effects suggest a novel mechanism for maintaining genetic variation for lifespan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific quantitative trait loci affecting longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Nuzhdin

Pasyukova

Dilda

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

315

267

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“…For reasons not well understood, selection for postponed senescence in Drosophila results in increased storage of both lipid and glycogen (Service 1987;Graves et al 1992;Djawdan et al 1996). If one assumes that these populations lose water at the same rate as the C flies (44 mg/h; Gibbs et al 1997), and that glycogen binds 4 g H 20/g, then we calculate that glycogen-bound water may account for half of the difference in desiccation resistance between four-day-old Band 0 flies.…”

Section: Physiology Of Desiccation Resistancementioning

confidence: 94%

RESOURCE ACQUISITION AND THE EVOLUTION OF STRESS RESISTANCE INDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

et al. 1998

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Abstract.-Resistance to environmental stress is one of the most important forces molding the distribution and abundance of species. We investigated the evolution of desiccation stress resistance using 20 outbred Drosophila melanogaster populations directly selected in the laboratory for adult desiccation resistance (D), postponed senescence (0), and their respective controls (C and B). Both aging and desiccation selection increased desiccation resistance relative to their controls, creating a spectrum of desiccation resistance levels across selection treatments. We employed an integrative approach, merging data on the life histories of these populations with a detailed physiology of water balance. The physiological basis of desiccation resistance may be mechanisms enhancing either resource conservation or resource acquisition and allocation. Desiccation-resistant populations had increased water and carbohydrate stores, and showed age-specific patterns of desiccation resistance consistent with the resource accumulation mechanism. A significant proportion of the resources relevant to resistance of the stress were accumulated in the larval stage. Males and females of desiccation-selected lines exhibited distinctly different patterns of desiccation resistance and resource acquisition, in a manner suggesting intersexual antagonism in the evolution of stress resistance. Preadult viability of stress-selected populations was lower than that of controls, and development was slowed. Our results suggest that there is a cost to preadult resource acquisition, pointing out a complex trade-off architecture involving characters distributed across distinct life-cycle stages.

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“…These same strains show declines in early-life fecundity (Rose 1984b), early-life male competitive mating ability (Service 1993), and early-life metabolic rate (Service 1987). The increases in stress resistance and flight endurance are, in turn, associated with increases in lipid and glycogen metabolite pool sizes (Service 1987;Graves et al 1992).…”

Section: Interspecific Patterns Due To Evolution Of the Genetic Backgmentioning

confidence: 99%

What does the Comparative Method Reveal About Adaptation?

Leroi¹,

Rose²,

Lauder³

1994

The American Naturalist

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202

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Abstract. -It has been suggested recently that new quantitative methods for analyzing comparative data permit the identification of evolutionary processes. Specifically, it has been proposed that new comparative methods can distinguish the direct effects of natural selection on the distribution of a trait within a clade from the effects of drift, indirect selection, genotype-byenvironment interaction, and uncontrolled environmental variation. Such methods can supposedly unravel t-he relative importance of these factors by the phylogenetic analysis of traits, performance attributes, and habitats. We argue that they cannot. We show that many different evolutionary mechanisms can, in principle, account for any one interspecific pattern, and we illustrate our case using examples from the comparative literature. We argue that these confounded mechanisms can only be unraveled if patterns of selection or genetic variation and covariation are directly measured in many species within a clade. Even though comparative methods are valuable for examining the evolutionary history of traits, they will often mislead in the study of adaptive processes.

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Desiccation, Flight, Glycogen, and Postponed Senescence in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 178 publications

References 23 publications

Sex-specific quantitative trait loci affecting longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Sex-specific quantitative trait loci affecting longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

RESOURCE ACQUISITION AND THE EVOLUTION OF STRESS RESISTANCE INDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

What does the Comparative Method Reveal About Adaptation?

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