Design and Analysis of Two Phase Experiments

Multiphase Experiments with at Least One Later Laboratory Phase. I. Orthogonal Designs

“…The first phase of Example 2 illustrates situation (iii). McIntyre (1955) originally used the term 'two-phase' for experiments in which there is a single randomization in each phase; these are referred to as normal. The object of the second phase is to evaluate the material produced in the first phase and a response variable is measured at the end of the second phase.…”

“…Two-phase experiments were first described by McIntyre (1955), although he considered only designs whose analysis, while performed on second-phase means, is determined by the first-phase design. The crucial feature that McIntyre incorporated into his designs was the use of a randomization in each phase.…”

“…Several authors have recognized the multiphase nature of their experiments. McIntyre (1955) described an experiment with a treatment phase, in which treatments were applied to plant leaves, and an assay phase, in which dilutions from the leaves were applied to assay plants. Brien, May, and Mayo (1987) gave examples of two-phase sensory evaluation experiments.…”

“…Reasons for this include the need to measure chemical and physical attributes using equipment such as spectrometers, gas chromatographs, pH meters or wear and strength testers, or to produce processed products such as wine, bread and malt that are subsequently assessed, often by an expert panel. Such experiments consist of two phases (McIntyre 1955), usually with an experimental design required for each phase. Those agricultural experiments that have a laboratory phase after the field phase are two-phase experiments.…”

Multiphase experiments in practice: A look back

“…McIntyre () originally used the term two‐phase for experiments in which there is a single randomization in each phase. The aim of the second phase is to evaluate the material produced in the first phase and a response variable is measured at the end of the second phase.…”