Design and characterization of a photonic integrated circuit for beam forming in 5G wireless networks

Photonic integrated circuits for ultra-fast steering in phased-array antennas

“…Chania, Greece 9 -12 October 2018 thermo-optic effect in silica [1], silicon [2] [3], and Si3N4 [4] microring resonators (MRRs). Thermal effects are however slow, and typically hinder operations above 100 kHz.…”

Photonic Integrated Microwave Phase Shifter up to the mm-Wave Band With Fast Response Time in Silicon-on-Insulator Technology

“…Furthermore, the maximum RF operating frequency is limited to twice the Brillouin frequency shift of the medium, which is 7.6 GHz in chalcogenide glasses [10]. Applying thermo-optic effect in silica [5], silicon [6]- [7], and Si3N4 [8] microring resonators (MRRs), is another largely exploited technique in order to control the phase of a microwave signal in the optical domain. In [13], a PIC realized in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology that employs a deinterleaver filter based on a MZ interferometer, and a thermally tunable optical PS in a silicon waveguide has also been discussed.…”