“…The beam that satisfies this criteria has gain application in many fields, such as free-electron lasers [1][2][3], THz sources [4,5], silicon nanocrystal [6], radiotherapy [7] and so on. Until now, many meaningful methods that have been developed in recent years such as permanent magnet [8], superconductor magnetic [9], solenoid coil [10], and plasma-based system [11] have been implemented to further improve the beam quality [12,13]. Besides, plasmabased system is considered as more promising for its compact, tunable and affordable device with high (GV m -1 ) accelerating electric fields [14,15], which first drew attention from the low voltage beam propagating in residual gas tube in 1934 [16].…”