Design and construction of a passive receiver array for monitoring transcranial focused ultrasound therapy

O’Reilly, Meaghan A.; Rahman, Sami Ur; Song, Junho; Lucht, Ben; Hynynen, Kullervo

doi:10.1109/ultsym.2010.5935751

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…If one can take this and the skull-induced effects into account, the strength of the emissions at each point can be estimated and potentially related to the resulting FUS-induced effects – the strength of the BBB disruption for example (Arvanitis et al , 2012). Ultimately, one could redesign the MRgFUS device with passive imaging in mind, with receivers embedded throughout the hemisphere transducer to create three-dimensional cavitation maps (O'Reilly et al , 2010). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the only clinically-relevant method to monitor cavitation activity with high sensitivity and specificity, and at the same time provide information about the mode and strength of the oscillations in real-time, is with acoustic methods – in particular with passive cavitation mapping (Norton and Won, 2000; Gyongy and Coussios, 2010b; Haworth et al , 2012; O'Reilly et al , 2010). This technique uses the FUS device as a source and an array of receivers to passively record and reconstruct the acoustic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined ultrasound and MR imaging to guide focused ultrasound therapies in the brain

Arvanitis¹,

Livingstone²,

McDannold³

2013

Phys. Med. Biol.

106

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Purpose Several emerging therapies with potential for use in the brain harness effects produced by acoustic cavitation – the interaction between ultrasound and microbubbles either generated during sonication or introduced into the vasculature. Systems developed for transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thermal ablation can enable their clinical translation, but methods for real-time monitoring and control are currently lacking. Acoustic emissions produced during sonication can provide information about the location, strength, and type of the microbubble oscillations within the ultrasound field, and they can be mapped in real-time using passive imaging approaches. Here, we tested whether such mapping can be achieved transcranially within a clinical brain MRgFUS system. Materials and Methods We integrated an ultrasound imaging array into the hemisphere transducer of the MRgFUS device. Passive cavitation maps were obtained during sonications combined with a circulating microbubble agent at 20 targets in the cingulate cortex in three macaques. The maps were compared with MRI-evident tissue effects. Results The system successfully mapped microbubble activity during both stable and inertial cavitation, which was correlated with MRI-evident transient blood-brain barrier disruption and vascular damage, respectively. The location of this activity was coincident with the resulting tissue changes within the expected resolution limits of the system. Conclusion While preliminary, these data clearly demonstrate, for the first time, that is possible to construct maps of stable and inertial cavitation transcranially, in a large animal model, and under clinically relevant conditions. Further, these results suggest that this hybrid ultrasound/MRI approach can provide comprehensive guidance for targeted drug delivery via blood-brain barrier disruption and other emerging ultrasound treatments, facilitating their clinical translation. We anticipate it will also prove to be an important research tool that will further the development of a broad range of microbubble-enhanced therapies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined ultrasound and MR imaging to guide focused ultrasound therapies in the brain

Arvanitis¹,

Livingstone²,

McDannold³

2013

Phys. Med. Biol.

106

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“…Thus monitoring of acoustic emissions during treatment to track treatment progress and safety would be very easy to implement in patients. In the future, more complex monitoring could be achieved by implementing multiple receivers and performing passive beamforming to map the cavitation activity during treatment [80, 81]. …”

Section: Treatment Safety and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound enhanced drug delivery to the brain and central nervous system

O’Reilly

Hynynen

2012

International Journal of Hyperthermia

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There is an increasing interest in the use of ultrasound to enhance drug delivery to the brain and central nervous system. Disorders of the brain and CNS historically have had poor response to drug therapy due to the presence of the Blood-Brain barrier (BBB). Techniques for circumventing the BBB are typically highly invasive or involve disrupting large portions of the BBB, exposing the brain to pathogens. Ultrasound can be non-invasively delivered to the brain through the intact skull. When combined with preformed microbubbles, ultrasound can safely induce transient, localized and reversible disruption of the BBB, allowing therapeutics to be delivered. Investigations to date have shown positive response to ultrasound BBB disruption combined with therapeutic agent delivery in rodent models of primary and metastatic brain cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Recent work in non-human primates has demonstrated that the technique is feasible for use in humans. This review examines the current status of drug delivery to the brain and CNS both by disruption of the BBB, and by ultrasound enhancement of drug delivery through the already compromised BBB. Cellular and physical mechanisms of disruption are discussed, as well as treatment technique, safety and monitoring.

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“…Passive imaging methods that can map cavitation activity synchronously to the treatment have also been developed [References!]. They have great potential for monitoring cavitation-based FUS therapies , as they do not interfere with the treatment [Gyongy and Coussios, 2010], they can be used to isolate the specific type of oscillation [Haworth et al, 2012], and they can potentially be more accurate than active imaging approaches when sonicating behind highly aberrating media such as the skull [O'Reilly et al, 2010], since the pressure wave only passes once through the aberrating media. Real-time mapping of cavitation activity holds great promise for translating acoustic cavitation induced therapeutic effects to clinical practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial spatial and temporal assessment of microbubble dynamics for brain therapies

Arvanitis

McDannold

2013

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Harnessing ultrasound/microbubble interactions in the brain may make possible a number of therapeutic ultrasound applications, such as targeted drug delivery, sonothrombolysis, and cavitation-enhanced ablation. However, methods to guide these emerging therapies are presently lacking. Here, we integrated a linear US imaging transducer with a clinical transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) system and evaluated passive cavitation imaging to monitor microbubble-enhanced sonications. A nonhuman primate skull filled with brain-mimicking phantom was used for the experiments. First, we sonicated the phantom over a range of powers (20-60 W) to induce cavitation-enhanced heating. Using transcranial passive cavitation mapping and MR thermometry, we assessed the ability of the integrated system to simultaneously visualize temperature changes and microbubble activity. In another experiment, we traversed the phantom with a 2 mm channel through which microbubbles could flow and applied burst sonications (5 W) to generate stable and inertial cavitation. In the first experiment, cavitation activity and heating were colocalized. In the second, the location of the cavitation activity was coincident with the targeted location in the channel within the expected resolution of the passive imaging. We conclude that combined MR/ultrasound imaging can provide comprehensive guidance to simultaneously localize and quantify both acoustic cavitation activity and heating.

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Design and construction of a passive receiver array for monitoring transcranial focused ultrasound therapy

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Combined ultrasound and MR imaging to guide focused ultrasound therapies in the brain

Combined ultrasound and MR imaging to guide focused ultrasound therapies in the brain

Ultrasound enhanced drug delivery to the brain and central nervous system

Transcranial spatial and temporal assessment of microbubble dynamics for brain therapies

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