Design and construction of an active alignment demonstrator for a free-space optical interconnect

Boisset, G.C.; Robertson, Brian; Hinton, H.S.

doi:10.1109/68.388762

Cited by 64 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Current FSO equipment is targeted at point-to-point links using high-powered lasers and relatively expensive components used in fiber-optical transmission. Mobile communication using FSO is considered for indoor environments, within a single room, using diffuse optics technology [7,8,11,13,18,24,30]. Due to limited power of a single source that is being diffused to spread in all directions, these techniques are suitable for small distances (typically 10 s of meters), but not suitable for longer distances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-space-optical mobile ad hoc networks: Auto-configurable building blocks

et al. 2007

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Existence of line of sight (LOS) and alignment between the communicating antennas is one of the key requirements for free-space-optical (FSO) communication. To ensure uninterrupted data flow, auto-aligning transmitter and receiver modules are necessary. We propose a new FSO node design that uses spherical surfaces covered with transmitter and receiver modules for maintaining optical links even when nodes are in relative motion. The spherical FSO node provides angular diversity in 3-dimensions, and hence provides an LOS at any orientation as long as there are no obstacles in between the communicating nodes. For proof-of-concept, we designed and tested an auto-configurable circuit, integrated with light sources and detectors placed on spherical surfaces. We demonstrated communication between a stationary and a mobile node using these initial prototypes of such FSO structures. We also performed the necessary theoretical analysis to demonstrate scalability of our FSO node designs to longer distances as well as feasibility of denser packaging of transceivers on such nodes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-space-optical mobile ad hoc networks: Auto-configurable building blocks

et al. 2007

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“…Having realized that this configuration was crucial, our next challenge was to design an opto-mechanical device that could be small enough to fit into the body cavities. The second innovation was to avoid mirror based laser steering mechanisms and, instead, use a transmissive steering device, such as the Risley prism pair [18][19][20][21][22][23], as the best solution to maintain the small profile needed for endoscopic insertion. These two fundamental innovations constitute the concept behind the ELS.…”

Section: The Els Device: Description and Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic laser scalpel for head and neck cancer surgery

et al. 2012

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Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) techniques, such as laparoscopic surgery and endoscopy, provide reliable disease control with reduced impact on the function of the diseased organ. Surgical lasers can ablate, cut and excise tissue while sealing small blood vessels minimizing bleeding and risk of lymphatic metastases from tumors. Lasers with wavelengths in the IR are readily absorbed by water causing minimal thermal damage to adjacent tissue, ideal for surgery near critical anatomical structures.MIS techniques have largely been unable to adopt the use of lasers partly due to the difficulty in bringing the laser into the endoscopic cavity. Hollow waveguide fibers have been adapted to bring surgical lasers to endoscopy. However, they deliver a beam that diverges rapidly and requires careful manipulation of the fiber tip relative to the target. Thus, the principal obstacle for surgical lasers in MIS procedures has been a lack of effective control instruments to manipulate the laser in the body cavity and accurately deliver it to the targeted tissue.To overcome this limitation, we have designed and built an endoscopic laser system that incorporates a miniature dual wedge beam steering device, a video camera, and the control system for remote and /or robotic operation. The dual wedge Risley device offers the smallest profile possible for endoscopic use. Clinical specifications and design considerations will be presented together with descriptions of the device and the development of its control system.

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“…The packaging must be compact, manufacturable, reliable, cost-effective, and stable. While there are many reports on board-to-board optical interconnections [4]- [5], there are few on this issue [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Optical beam direction compensating system for board-to-board free space optical interconnection in high-capacity ATM switch

Hirabayashi

Yamamoto

Hino

et al. 1997

J. Lightwave Technol.

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In interconnections between bookshelf-assembled asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switch boards, a large number of micro-optical signal beams can be optically interconnected by a beam direction compensating system using a vertical cavity surface emitting laser, an x-y beam positioning sensor and a beam deflector made of an adjustable liquid prism. This beam direction compensating system can suppress the decrease in coupling efficiency between transmitters and receivers to no more than 15%, even if boards are inserted and extracted repeatedly, and are shocked repeatedly at a high intensity of 100 G. The compensation is very fast (20 ms). Furthermore, various optical interconnections necessary for ATM switching networks can be achieved by beam deflectors of a liquid crystal microprism array. In this preliminary study, we fabricate no more than eightchannel optical interconnections. However, since one surface emitting laser diode can have many channels in a small area (64 channels per 4 mm 2 ) and the aperture of this adjustable liquid prism is wide (28 mm in diameter) and uniform, a huge number of optical interconnection channels will be is possible using this system.Index Terms-ATM printed circuit boards, light deflectors, liquid crystal (LC), optical interconnections, switching systems.

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Design and construction of an active alignment demonstrator for a free-space optical interconnect

Cited by 64 publications

References 4 publications

Free-space-optical mobile ad hoc networks: Auto-configurable building blocks

Free-space-optical mobile ad hoc networks: Auto-configurable building blocks

Endoscopic laser scalpel for head and neck cancer surgery

Optical beam direction compensating system for board-to-board free space optical interconnection in high-capacity ATM switch

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