Design and development of a robotic predator as a stimulus in conditioned place aversion for the study of the effect of ethanol and citalopram in zebrafish

Clément, Romain J. G.; Macrı̀, Simone; Porfiri, Maurizio

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112256

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the robots are also used as demonstrators in social learning experiments [39]. Moreover, some animals resulted to have similar features in different neural circuit organization, making them valuable models to test neurological diseases in humans [40], [41], [42]. However, these therapies do not focus on checking the effectiveness of different types of stimuli that can be generated by a robot during the therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Reinforcement Stimuli in a Robotic Therapy for Children With ASD

et al. 2020

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Recent research has shown reliability in robotic therapies for improvement in core impairments of autism. To improve the efficiency of communication using robots, this study evaluates the effectiveness of three different stimuli in a robotic intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder. Three different reinforcement stimuli presented in least-to-most (LTM) order introduced in this therapy using NAO robot are: visual (color variation), auditory and motion cues. The therapy was tested on 12 ASD children, 4 out of 12 children fall under mild category whereas 8 fall under the minimal category of autism. The experimentation was conducted for 2 months. Total 8 experiments were conducted with 1 trial per week. Total 12 cues were given per trial, 4 cues corresponding to each category. In total 96 cues were given per subject, 32 cues from each category. The results indicate a general trend for linking a particular autism category with the most effective stimulus for that category. It can be concluded that visual cue (color variation) is the most effective reinforcement stimulus for children with minimal autism as 8 out of 8 i.e., 100% were more responsive to visual cues whereas for children with mild autism category, 3 out of 4 i.e., 75% are more receptive towards the motion stimulus. The parameters used for assessment were joint attention and the time eye contact is maintained. Single factor ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis of results with alpha is 0.05 and p-value 0.0342, F value is 3.7456 and F critical value is 3.2834. The test was performed on 96 (8x12) trails in total, therefore ensuring the significance and reliability of our results. INDEX TERMS Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), reinforcement stimulus, robotic therapy, joint attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Reinforcement Stimuli in a Robotic Therapy for Children With ASD

et al. 2020

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“…Geotaxis is considered a very sensitive behavioral indicator of anxiety-related states (Kalueff et al, 2013 ). It has been validated in a wide range of experimental paradigms (Clèment et al, 2020 ; Karakaya et al, 2021 ), and it has been repeatedly reported to vary as a function of the administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors like Citalopram (Wong et al, 2010 ; Cachat et al, 2011 ; Kalueff et al, 2016 ; Collier et al, 2017 ; Macrì et al, 2019 ). To further delve into the nature of shoaling and schooling tendencies, we conducted a thorough analysis of polarization (Aureli et al, 2012 ) and neighbor distances (Rosa et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tank width and depth were selected to promote swimming along the water column. Such decision rested upon the hypothesis that SSRIs generally result in an overt alteration of geotaxis (Sackerman et al, 2010 ; Macrì et al, 2019 ; Clèment et al, 2020 ); this strategy has been borrowed from available literature (Cachat et al, 2011 ; Mathuru et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adopting this procedure, Sackerman et al ( 2010 ) observed the presence of a direct correlation between Citalopram concentrations in the beaker and in zebrafish brain following a 3–4 min exposure. Citalopram concentrations were selected based on our previous work (Macrì et al, 2019 ; Clèment et al, 2020 ) wherein we observed an alteration in anxiety-related behaviors in response to Citalopram administered at the chosen concentrations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, we overcome the demonstrator/bystander dichotomy to explore complex interactions that emerge in a group where the behavior of one individual defers from the norm. To reduce the anxiety-related behaviors of one of the group members, that subject was administered Citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with known anxiety-reducing effects in zebrafish (Sackerman et al, 2010 ; Macrì et al, 2019 ; Clèment et al, 2020 ). In light of the strong effect of Citalopram on geotaxis, which is a very sensitive measure of anxiety-related state (Kalueff et al, 2013 ), we devised an experimental setup through which this response was maximized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collective Emotional Contagion in Zebrafish

Lombana

Macrı̀

Porfiri

2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Seeking to match our emotional state with one of those around us is known as emotional contagion-a fundamental biological process that underlies social behavior across several species and taxa. While emotional contagion has been traditionally considered to be a prerogative of mammals and birds, recent findings are demonstrating otherwise. Here, we investigate emotional contagion in groups of zebrafish, a freshwater model species which is gaining momentum in preclinical studies. Zebrafish have high genetic homology to humans, and they exhibit a complex behavioral repertoire amenable to study social behavior. To investigate whether individual emotional states can be transmitted to group members, we pharmacologically modulated anxiety-related behaviors of a single fish through Citalopram administration and we assessed whether the altered emotional state spread to a group of four untreated conspecifics. By capitalizing upon our in-house developed tracking algorithm, we successfully preserved the identity of all the subjects and thoroughly described their individual and social behavioral phenotypes. In accordance with our predictions, we observed that Citalopram administration consistently reduced behavioral anxiety of the treated individual, in the form of reduced geotaxis, and that such a behavioral pattern readily generalized to the untreated subjects. A transfer entropy analysis of causal interactions within the group revealed that emotional contagion was directional, whereby the treated individual influenced untreated subjects, but not vice-versa. This study offers additional evidence that emotional contagion is biologically preserved in simpler living organisms amenable to preclinical investigations.

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The effect of SSRIs on fear learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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Rationale Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered first-line medication for anxiety-like disorders such as panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Fear learning plays an important role in the development and treatment of these disorders. Yet, the effect of SSRIs on fear learning are not well known. Objective We aimed to systematically review the effect of six clinically effective SSRIs on acquisition, expression, and extinction of cued and contextual conditioned fear. Methods We searched the Medline and Embase databases, which yielded 128 articles that met the inclusion criteria and reported on 9 human and 275 animal experiments. Results Meta-analysis showed that SSRIs significantly reduced contextual fear expression and facilitated extinction learning to cue. Bayesian-regularized meta-regression further suggested that chronic treatment exerts a stronger anxiolytic effect on cued fear expression than acute treatment. Type of SSRI, species, disease-induction model, and type of anxiety test used did not seem to moderate the effect of SSRIs. The number of studies was relatively small, the level of heterogeneity was high, and publication bias has likely occurred which may have resulted in an overestimation of the overall effect sizes. Conclusions This review suggests that the efficacy of SSRIs may be related to their effects on contextual fear expression and extinction to cue, rather than fear acquisition. However, these effects of SSRIs may be due to a more general inhibition of fear-related emotions. Therefore, additional meta-analyses on the effects of SSRIs on unconditioned fear responses may provide further insight into the actions of SSRIs.

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Design and development of a robotic predator as a stimulus in conditioned place aversion for the study of the effect of ethanol and citalopram in zebrafish

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Reinforcement Stimuli in a Robotic Therapy for Children With ASD

Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Reinforcement Stimuli in a Robotic Therapy for Children With ASD

Collective Emotional Contagion in Zebrafish

The effect of SSRIs on fear learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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