Design and Development of a Manipulator for Educational Robotics

Barbosa, Alexander Silva; Oliveira, Alice P. de; Silva, Aline R.; Boas, Ana Sophia Cavalcanti A. V.; Boas, Elias R. Vilas; Almeida, Felipe S. de; Souza, Joao Vitor A. e; Boas, Mariane A. Vilas

doi:10.1109/lars/sbr/wre.2018.00102

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Cell Viability Assays. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT reduction assay, which measures the mitochondrial function, as previously described 29 with minor modifications. Briefly, after 24 h of exposure, cells were incubated with a 0.5 mg/mL MTT solution for 30 min, after which the formazan crystals formed through mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase were dissolved in DMSO and quantified at 550 nm in a 96-well plate reader (PowerWaveX; Bio-Tek, Winooski, VT).…”

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With curve fits significantly shifted to the right, undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells proved to be more resistant to drug-induced cell death (p < 0.0001). Previous work by our group 29 and others 30,31 provided evidence that RA-TPA differentiation elicits the rise in the expression of dopaminergic markers, including DAT and tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme of catecholamine biosynthesis. In order to determine if the increase in DAT expression could explain the higher susceptibility of differentiated cells to MDMA, methylone and MDPV-induced neurotoxicity, an additional study was conducted in the presence of GBR 12909, a selective DAT inhibitor.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…It is also important to stress that the metabolic pathways of β-keto amphetamines might lead to the formation of highly neurotoxic metabolites, which, individually or in mixture, may induce deleterious effects significantly more pronounced than the parent compound, through similar mechanisms but at substantially lower concentrations, as it was recently demonstrated by our group for MDMA and its metabolites. 29 Additionally, further studies on the neurotoxicity of β-keto amphetamines at in vivo relevant concentrations are currently underway.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurotoxicity of β-Keto Amphetamines: Deathly Mechanisms Elicited by Methylone and MDPV in Human Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells

Valente

Bastos

Fernandes

et al. 2017

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Synthetic cathinones (β-keto amphetamines) act as potent CNS stimulants similarly to classical amphetamines, which raise concerns about their potential neurotoxic effects. The present in vitro study aimed to explore and compare the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of two commonly abused cathinone derivatives, 3,4-methylenedioxymethcathinone (methylone) and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), with those of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), using undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Following a 24 h exposure period, methylone and MDPV induced loss of cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, in the following order of potency: MDPV ≈ MDMA > methylone. Dopaminergic differentiated cells evidenced higher sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of both cathinones and MDMA than the undifferentiated ones, but this effect was not inhibited by the DAT inhibitor GBR 12909. Intracellular oxidative stress mediated by methylone and MDPV was demonstrated by the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) production, depletion of intracellular reduced glutathione and increased oxidized glutathione levels. All three drugs elicited mitochondrial impairment, characterized by the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) dissipation and intracellular ATP depletion. Apoptosis was found to be a common mechanism of cell death induced by methylone and MDPV, with evident chromatin condensation and formation of pyknotic nuclei, and activation of caspases 3, 8, and 9. In conclusion, the present data shows that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play a role in cathinones-induced neuronal damage, ultimately leading to cell death by apoptosis.

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Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neurotoxicity of β-Keto Amphetamines: Deathly Mechanisms Elicited by Methylone and MDPV in Human Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells

Valente

Bastos

Fernandes

et al. 2017

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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A Sim-to-real Practical Approach to Teach Robotics into K-12: A Case Study of Simulators, Educational and DIY Robotics in Competition-based Learning

Joventino

Silva

Pereira

et al. 2023

J Intell Robot Syst

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Simulators in robotics are well-known tools for the development of new applications and training and integration of systems for remote operation or supervision. Therefore, robotics is one of the most used practices in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics-based educational frameworks, and, with COVID-19, simulators have become increasingly important. This study shows specific benefits achieved for K-12 students in an individualized family service plan/resource teachers for the gifted model based on a review. A simulator is typically adopted for undergraduates students to increase their ability to make technical-based decisions and move smoothly between the real and virtual worlds, with a strong emphasis on the feedback from both. It enables students to develop abilities to build robots without needing commercial kits. In a sim-to-real approach, early simulation allows improved team integration and reduced reliance on skills, equalizing the abilities of students, regardless of their backgrounds. Simultaneously, simulation encourages students to work harder in real implementation by equalizing their class level, resulting in competition-based learning.

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Arduino Baby Project: Robotics as a Tool to Support Permanence and Success of Technical Course Students in Informatics

Carvalho

Silva

Carvalho

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)

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Design and Development of a Manipulator for Educational Robotics

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Neurotoxicity of β-Keto Amphetamines: Deathly Mechanisms Elicited by Methylone and MDPV in Human Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells

Neurotoxicity of β-Keto Amphetamines: Deathly Mechanisms Elicited by Methylone and MDPV in Human Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells

A Sim-to-real Practical Approach to Teach Robotics into K-12: A Case Study of Simulators, Educational and DIY Robotics in Competition-based Learning

Arduino Baby Project: Robotics as a Tool to Support Permanence and Success of Technical Course Students in Informatics

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