Design and development of LN2 cooled cryopump for application in high heat flux test facility

Mukherjee, Sayantan; Gupta, Vishal; Panchal, P.; Mishra, Jyoti; Nayak, Pratik; Agarwal, Jyoti; Agravat, Hemang S.; Dewasi, Avijit; Dutta, Rohan; Desai, A.B.; Verma, Shashi Kant; Swamy, Rajamannar; Mokariya, P.; Patel, Nirali; Patel, Tushar; Belsare, Sunil; Khirwadkar, S.S.; Gangradey, Ranjana

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2022.113315

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…It is well known that liquid nitrogen (LN2) is an easily available cryogen and is widely used by researchers and industries for various cryogenic experiments, such as LN2-cooled cryopumps [12,13] to attain ∼80 K easily. Even for 4 K operated systems, LN2-cooled thermal shields are used for large-size cryostats [14], tokamaks [15] and space simulation chambers [16] to control the radiation on the 4 K systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of a novel apparatus to measure the emissivity of high-roughness materials at 82 K

Dewasi,

Gangradey,

Mukherjee

et al. 2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Emissivity of a material changes with temperature. The knowledge of emissivity plays an important role in the estimation of radiation heat load in cryogenic systems. As the values of emissivity of different materials at cryogenic temperature are scarcely available in literature, room temperature emissivity values are extensively used to estimate radiation heat load in a cryogenic system. This might lead to a significant deviation between the predicted and actual radiation properties at cryogenic temperature. Therefore, in the present work, an apparatus is developed based on calorimetric technique for measuring emissivity of an opaque material around 82 K. The novelties of the apparatus are compact size, ease of sample handling, lower time required to reach thermal equilibrium and most importantly, capacity to measure emissivity of a sample of high roughness. To understand the effectiveness of low and high emissivity coated heat radiators for the system, a theoretical as well as an experimental approach has been followed. It is found that the high emissive heat radiator led to a significant reduction in the time required to reach the thermal equilibrium as compared to a low-emissive heat radiator. To verify and validate this setup, emissivity of the Aeroglaze Z306 (high emissivity) and Cu (low emissivity) is measured and compared with the values reported in the literature. Finally, the work has been extended to measure emissivity at cryogenic temperature for the first time for PU1, SG121FD, and the indigenously developed novel materials such as black paints, adhesive and activated charcoals of different granule sizes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of a novel apparatus to measure the emissivity of high-roughness materials at 82 K

Dewasi,

Gangradey,

Mukherjee

et al. 2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Theoretical and numerical simulation study on heat and mass transfer mechanism of GM refrigerator cryopump

Lang,

Zhang,

Wang

2024

AIP Advances

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The cryopump relies on the cryocondensation mechanism to create a clean, high-vacuum environment. Studying the heat and mass transfer mechanism and enhancing the performance of the cryopump are important because its heat and mass transfer performance directly affects the quality of the vacuum environment. This study proposes a systematic method for analyzing the mechanism influencing spatial changes, particle motion characteristics, and heat and mass transfer. This study identifies the key factors affecting the heat and mass transfer and investigates the influence of various factors in the vacuum chamber, liquid-nitrogen cooling area, and liquid-helium cooling area on the mass transfer performance. Next, the main source of heat load and the influence of spatial layout on the heat load are determined and a method for reducing the heat load is introduced. A cryopump designed based on these conclusions delivered a 33% higher pumping speed, a 35% shorter cooling time, and a better vacuum performance than the traditional cryopump in a simulation analysis. This study can provide guidance for the development of advanced cryopumps and instruct the design and operation of cryovacuum systems.

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Design and development of LN2 cooled cryopump for application in high heat flux test facility

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

The development of a novel apparatus to measure the emissivity of high-roughness materials at 82 K

The development of a novel apparatus to measure the emissivity of high-roughness materials at 82 K

Theoretical and numerical simulation study on heat and mass transfer mechanism of GM refrigerator cryopump

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