Design and dynamic performance of a concentrated photovoltaic system with vapor chambers cooling

Han, Xinyue; Lv, Yaya

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117824

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…They studied and compared both line focus and point focus, and the point-focus Fresnel lens was better at retaining the heat than the line-focus Fresnel lens in systems during operation [30]. Additionally, many researchers have studied CPV/T systems in the last 10 to 15 years [31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Varying Volume Fractions of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the Performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic System

et al. 2023

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Highly concentrated triple-junction solar cells (HCTJSCs) are cells that have diverse applications for power generation. Their electrical efficiency is almost 45%, which may be increased to 50% by the end of the year 2030. Despite their overwhelming ability to generate power, their efficiency is lower when utilized in a concentrated manner, which introduces a high-temperature surge, leading to a sudden drop in output power. In this study, the efficiency of a 10 mm × 10 mm multijunction solar cell (MJSC) was increased to almost 42% under the climatic conditions in Lahore, Pakistan. Active cooling was selected, where SiO2–water- and Al2O3–water-based nanofluids with varying volume fractions, ranging from 5% to 15% by volume, were used with a 0.001 kg/s mass flow rate. In addition, two- and three-layer microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) with squared microchannels were designed to perform thermal management. Regarding the concentration ratio, 1500 suns were considered for 15 August at noon, with 805 W/m2 and 110 W/m2 direct and indirect radiation, respectively. A complete model including a triple-junction solar cell and allied assemblies was modeled in Solidworks software, followed by temperature profile generation in steady-state thermal analyses (SSTA). Thereafter, a coupling of SSTA and Ansys Fluent was made, in combination with the thermal management of the entire model, where the temperature of the TJSC was found to be 991 °C without active cooling, resulting in a decrease in electrical output. At 0.001 kg/s, the optimum average surface temperature (44.5 °C), electrical efficiency (41.97%), and temperature uniformity (16.47 °C) were achieved in the of MJSC with SiO2–water nanofluid with three layers of MCHS at a 15% volume fraction. Furthermore, the average outlet temperature of the Al2O3–water nanofluid at all volume fractions was high, between 29.53 °C and 31.83 °C, using the two-layer configuration. For the three-layer arrangement, the input and output temperatures of the working fluid were found to be the same at 25 °C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Varying Volume Fractions of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the Performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic System

et al. 2023

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“…Overheating, uncontrollable oscillatory thermal flows, reverse thermal flows, area-dependent cooling capacity, temperature non-uniformity[31,32,[44][45][46][47][48][49] Limited cooling capacity at higher concentrations, limited amounts of heat energy storage, acidic nature, issue of disposal after lifetime used, mass/weight cooling capacity dependant[42,[50][51][52][53][54] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overheating, uncontrollable oscillatory thermal flows, reverse thermal flows, area-dependent cooling capacity, temperature non-uniformity[31,32,[44][45][46][47][48][49] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling of Concentrated Photovoltaic Cells—A Review and the Perspective of Pulsating Flow Cooling

2023

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This article presents a review to provide up-to-date research findings on concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) cooling, explore the key challenges and opportunities, and discuss the limitations. In addition, it provides a vision of a possible future trend and a glimpse of a promising novel approach to CPV cooling based on pulsating flow, in contrast to existing cooling methods. Non-concentrated photovoltaics (PV) have modest efficiency of up to around 20% because they utilise only a narrow spectrum of solar irradiation for electricity conversion. Therefore, recent advances employed multi-junction PV or CPV to widen the irradiation spectrum for conversion. CPV systems concentrate solar irradiation on the cell’s surface, producing high solar flux and temperature. The efficient cooling of CPV cells is critical to avoid thermal degradation and ensure optimal performance. Studies have shown that pulsating flow can enhance heat transfer in various engineering applications. The advantage of pulsating flow over steady flow is that it can create additional turbulence and mixing in the fluid, resulting in a higher heat transfer coefficient. Simulation results with experimental validation demonstrate the enhancement of this new cooling approach for future CPV systems. The use of pulsating flow in CPV cooling has shown promising results in improving heat transfer and reducing temperature gradients.

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Solar Thermoelectricity for Power Generation

Ayachi

Yoon

2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Thermoelectric materials convert waste heat into electricity, making sustainable power generation possible when a temperature gradient is applied. Solar radiation is one potential abundant and eco‐friendly heat source for this application, where one side of the thermoelectric device is heated by incident sunlight, while the other side is kept at a cooler temperature. This is known as solar thermoelectric generation. Various thermoelectric materials are used for different solar thermoelectric applications, and different methods are explored to enhance the temperature gradient across the material. Solar optical concentrators, thermal and selective absorbers, and other tools are proposed to improve the performance of solar thermoelectrics. Despite continuous research and development, experimental solar thermoelectric efficiencies remain below 10%, and theoretical efficiencies do not surpass 20%. In this review, the different designs of solar thermoelectric generators are examined within the context of thermoelectric elements, optical concentrators, solar absorbers, and other techniques to enhance their performance. Last, an overview of the current state of solar thermoelectrics is provided, areas for improvement are suggested, and the future of these devices is predicted.

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Design and dynamic performance of a concentrated photovoltaic system with vapor chambers cooling

Cited by 26 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of Varying Volume Fractions of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the Performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic System

Effects of Varying Volume Fractions of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the Performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic System

Cooling of Concentrated Photovoltaic Cells—A Review and the Perspective of Pulsating Flow Cooling

Solar Thermoelectricity for Power Generation

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