Design and Experiment of Adjustable Socket-Wheel Precision Fertilizer Apparatus for Dry Direct-Seeding Rice

Abstract

To solve problems of non-adjustable fertilizer and low fertilization precision in the precision hole fertilization of dry direct-seeding rice, an adjustable socket-wheel precision hole fertilizer apparatus for rice was designed. The basic structure and working principle of the fertilizer apparatus were expounded, the structural parameters of key components were determined. The numerical simulation experiments based on the discrete element method were carried out by using sulfurized urea as the research object. Selecting the rotation speed of the socket-wheel, the length of the trough, the depth of the socket as the experimental factors, and taking the average amount of fertilizer discharging and the coefficient of variation of fertilization uniformity as evaluation indicators, the orthogonal rotation combined experiments with three factors and five levels were carried out. A multi-objective optimization method was used to determine the best parameter combination under the constraint of the target value of the hole fertilizer discharging of 1.500 g. The simulation results show that the coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity was the smallest and the coefficient of variation was 15.80% when the rotation speed of socket-wheel was 26.57 r/min, the length of the trough was 5.36 mm and the depth of socket was 5.64 mm. By using slow-release urea, sulfurized urea and bio-organic fertilizer as test materials, the bench test and field test was carried out on the fertilizer apparatus and the reliability of the simulation results and the adaptability of the fertilizer apparatus were verified.

Design and Experiment of Seed-Filling Component For Rice Hole Seeder

“…As indicated in the literature (Jun et al, 2021) the coefficient of friction between rice seeds and ABS plastic is 0.5. To ensure that rice seeds does not prematurely slide into the channel during the filling phase of seed-filling component, the orifice slope angle θ should not be less than 30°.…”

“…Referring to the generally operating speed of rice hole seeder with film mulching is between 0.5 to 1.2 m/s (Jun et al, 2021), the forward speed of cylinder is determined to be 0.8 m/s, and the rotational speed is 38 r/min.…”

Design and Experiment of Impeller Type Variable Fertilizer Discharger Device Based on Edem Simulation

“…The stability of the fertilizer supply, discharge and fertilization of the fertilizer discharge device determines its performance (Wen et al, 2019). At present, the mainstream fertilizer discharge device at home and abroad include horizontal shaft type, horizontal turntable type, vibration type et al Bao et al, (2002), Ishola et al, (2014), Jun et al, (2021), most of them rely on forced fertilizer discharge, which will cause pulsation and fertilizer sticking inside the fertilizer discharge device resulting in inaccurate stability and uniformity of fertilizer discharge. Japan's Yanmar, Kubota, and Iseki respectively adopt horizontal hole-disk fertilizer discharge devices and outer grooved wheel-type dislocation fertilizer discharge device, which largely solve the pulse phenomenon in the fertilizer discharge process and improve accuracy and uniformity, but the structure is complex and difficult to maintain (Zha et al, 2020;Cheng et al, 2012).…”