Design and Experiment of Electronically Tunable Voltage-Mode Biquad and Output Current Amplitude Oscillator

Abstract

This study presents an electronically tunable configuration for the design of a voltage-mode (VM) biquad with four input terminals and three output terminals. The proposed circuit employs four operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and two grounded capacitors. Depending on the selections of the four input voltage signals, all the standard filtering functions can be realized. The proposed configuration simultaneously provides VM inverting band-pass, non-inverting low-pass, and non-inverting band-reject filtering functions without any component-matching choices. It offers the features of a resistorless structure, high-input impedance, electronic control of the pole frequency and quality factor, and low active and passive sensitivities. The measured power dissipation of the biquad is 0.96 W under 32 mA constant output current. The measured 1 dB power gain compression point of the output inverting band-pass filter is −7 dBm. The measured value of the third-order intercept point is 5.136 dBm, and the measured value of the third-order intermodulation distortion is −50.83 dBc. Moreover, the measured value of the spurious-free dynamic range is 53.49 dB, and the figure-of-merit of the biquad is 268.75 × 103. In addition, an electronically controllable quadrature oscillator (QO) with amplitude of output current can be realized using the proposed biquad. The proposed electronically controllable QO can provide an amplitude modulation signal or an amplitude shift keying signal, and is widely applied in signal processing systems and electronic communication systems. PSpice simulations and experimental results are accomplished.

Electronically Tunable Universal Filter and Quadrature Oscillator Using Low-Voltage Differential Difference Transconductance Amplifiers

“…The performance of the proposed circuit and compared with some previous works has been summarized in Table 3. The circuits in [20], [23], [24], [42], [44], [45], [46] have been used for comparison. Compared with [20], [23], [24], the proposed circuit enjoys low-power consumption.…”

“…The circuits in [20], [23], [24], [42], [44], [45], [46] have been used for comparison. Compared with [20], [23], [24], the proposed circuit enjoys low-power consumption. Compared with [42], [45], [46], the proposed structure can realize both universal filter and quadrature oscillator.…”

“…Compared with [42], [45], [46], the proposed structure can realize both universal filter and quadrature oscillator. Compared with [24], [45], [46], the proposed circuit offers better figure of merit (FOM). Finally, compared with all circuits [20], [23], [24], [42], [44], [45], [46], the proposed filter offers the controlled voltage gain for both of the non-inverting and inverting of transfer function…”

“…Using (17), the denominator of ( 18)-( 23) can be expressed by (24), as shown at the bottom of the next page.…”

“…From (24), the non-idealities of the DDTAs affect the circuit characteristics, which depart from ideal values. The parasitic effects from the DDTA can be made negligible by…”