Design and fabrication of a wideband Tonpilz transducer with a void head mass

Self Cite

Tonpilz is a popular transducer for underwater projector arrays for sonar systems. For low-frequency transmission, a larger axial dimension of the conventional Tonpilz transducer is required. However, a bulky and heavy Tonpilz element is not suitable due to limitations in terms of the space and payload of the array platform. To address this problem, we developed a rear-mounted Tonpilz transducer to generate a sub-fundamental resonance in addition to the common longitudinal resonance. For this purpose, we developed a new equivalent circuit model that can reflect all the effects of the key design parameters of the transducer, such as suspension thickness (stiffness), tail mass thickness, and head mass thickness. The impedance and transmitting voltage response were evaluated as performance factors at both resonance frequencies. The validity of the circuit was verified by comparing the analysis results with those from the finite element analysis of the same transducer. Based on the results, the transducer structure was designed to have comparable transmitting performance at both resonance frequencies by employing relatively high suspension stiffness, light tail mass, and heavy head mass. The novel design can permit the dual-band operation of the transducer so that the transducer can operate as a wideband projector.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Design of a Rear-Mounted Underwater Projector Using Equivalent Circuits

Kim

Roh

2020

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“…Although the cap thickness was an influential variable, its value was fixed to 0.5 mm in this work due to our constraint in machining the metal cap. The optimal combination of the three design variables was sought to maximize the bandwidth of the transducer by the method described in [25]. The objective function and constraints were set as Equation (1).…”

Section: Optimal Design Of the Wideband Cymbal Transducer Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Fabrication of a Wideband Cymbal Transducer for Underwater Sensor Networks

Shim¹,

Roh²

2019

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Cymbal transducers are characterized by a high mechanical quality factor and low power efficiency. The research conducted so far on cymbal transducers has focused on improving the power efficiency and structural stability, but modern underwater sensor network systems need transducers to have a wide frequency bandwidth as well. In this study, a wideband cymbal transducer was designed to fill that need. First, the effect of various structural parameters on the performance of the cymbal transducer was analyzed with emphasis on the bandwidth using the finite element method. Based on the analysis results, the structure of the cymbal transducer was optimized to have the widest possible bandwidth while maintaining its transmitting voltage response (TVR) level over a typical power requirement as well. The validity of the design was verified by fabricating a prototype of the optimized cymbal transducer and comparing its measured performance with the design.

“…Saijyou and Okuyama proposed installing a bending piezoelectric disk in the head mass to widen the bandwidth [ 11 ]. Roh et al incorporated a cavity inside a head mass to reduce the mechanical quality factor of the transducer [ 12 , 13 ]. Butler et al designed a hybrid magnetostrictive/piezoelectric Tonpilz transducer, which improve coupling coefficient and a wideband doubly resonant response [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Wideband Tonpilz Transducer Comprising Non-Uniform Piezoceramic Stacks with Equivalent Circuits

Pyo

Afzal

Lim³

et al. 2021

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Tonpilz transducers are desirable for their superior performance in underwater target detection and communication applications. Several design schemes to widen their bandwidth have been reported, but these schemes often involve a complex structure or arrangement of additional components. In this study, a simple design is proposed to improve the bandwidth of a multimode Tonpilz transducer by using a non-uniform drive section that consists of piezoelectric stacks of various thicknesses. The efficacy of the design is illustrated with a multimode Tonpilz transducer having three lead zirconate titanate (PZT) stacks of different thicknesses. A new equivalent circuit was developed to analyze the frequency response of the transducer incorporating the non-uniform drive section and was used for rigorous analysis of the effects of varying the position and thickness of the non-uniform stacks on the transmitting characteristics of the transducer. The validity of the design was verified through the fabrication and characterization of a prototype multimode Tonpilz transducer. The developed structure can be readily extended to an arbitrary number of stacks in the Tonpilz transducer with any number of PZT disks in each stack.