Design and Implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network for Seismic Monitoring of Buildings

Abstract

This article presents a new wireless seismic sensor network system, especially design for building monitoring. The designed prototype allows remote control, and remote and real-time monitoring of the recorded signals by any internet browser. The system is formed by several Nodes (based on the CC3200 microcontroller of Texas Instruments), which are in charge of digitizing the ambient vibrations registered by three-component seismic sensors and transmitting them to a central server. This server records all the received signals, but also allows their real-time visualization in several remote client browsers thanks to the JavaScript’s Node.js technology. The data transmission uses not only Wi-Fi technology, but also the existing network resources that nowadays can be found usually in any official or residential building (lowering deployment costs). A data synchronization scheme was also implemented to correct the time differences between the Nodes, but also the long-term drifts found in the internal clock of the microcontrollers (improving the quality of records). The completed system is a low-cost, open-hardware and open-software design. The prototype was tested in a real building, recording ambient vibrations in several floors and observing the differences due to the building structure.

Network Lifetime Improvement through Energy-Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol for IoT Applications

“…The applicability of our strategy is immense, for example, vast horticultural fields where environmental parameters, such as atmospheric temperature and humidity, soil moisture, soil temperature, and soil pH, are to be measured [42]. In addition, it can be applied to any event detection application, such as wildfire detection [43] and seismic monitoring [44]. Apart from these, it can also be used in structural health monitoring where parameters such as humidity, temperature, stress, and strain are required to be This grid-based approach is popularly known for its features, namely uniformity in energy consumption, scalability, and simplicity [20,33,38].…”

“…The applicability of our strategy is immense, for example, vast horticultural fields where environmental parameters, such as atmospheric temperature and humidity, soil mois-ture, soil temperature, and soil pH, are to be measured [42]. In addition, it can be applied to any event detection application, such as wildfire detection [43] and seismic monitoring [44].…”

Cloud-based software tools for the rapid development of web GIS

“…Node is a software platform based on the V8 engine that allows you to use the JavaScript programming language as a general-purpose language. This means that JavaScript can be used to build web pages and interact with them and implement a server [5]. The web application itself cannot access the database and process various requests from the user.…”

Design and Implementation of a Wireless Recorder System for Seismic Noise Array Measurements

“…All this, together with the growing development of microcontrollers and open-source electronic platforms, has led to the development of ad hoc seismic recorders by some researchers. Many of them are focused on the measurements of a vertical sensor, e.g., [ 22 , 23 ], the measurements of three components for subsequent H/V analysis, e.g., [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], geophysical exploration, e.g., [ 27 , 28 ], seismic monitoring in buildings, e.g., [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], etc.…”