Design and Implementation of an IoT Device for Measuring Discharges in Sanitation Networks

Abstract

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IoT Innovations in Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management and Water Quality Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements, Implications, and Future Directions

“…These studies employed varying levels of experimentation, validation, and reliability testing to assess the accuracy and reliability of sensor readings [58], [98], [109], [110]. For example, Jeffery et al [111] conducted laboratory and field tests to evaluate the performance of water level sensors, while Pérez-Padillo et al [112] tested sensors in the field at a wastewater treatment plant, where the device was installed in a spillway. The authors found that sensors can accurately measure the occurrence, duration, and water level during discharge episodes.…”

“…These benefits include improved water quality [96], [101], ecosystem tracking [113], reduction in solid waste [114], reduction in potable water consumption for irrigation [104], and optimization of water resources [58]. Similarly, cost reduction and improved efficiency were mentioned in six papers, including those by Praveena et al [102], Jeffery et al [111], Latif et al [100], Sasirekha et al [116], Alshami et al [109], and Pérez-Padillo et al [112]. These studies suggested that IoT-based wastewater infrastructure management can significantly decrease operational costs and enhance overall efficiency, leading to better resource utilization and cost savings.…”

“…Another critical challenge, as indicated by prior research, pertains to sensorrelated limitations and challenges. Prasath et al [103], Lorenz et al [90], Pérez-Padillo et al [112], and Nair et al [97] emphasized the limitations of available sensors and the need for improved sensor devices that can be deployed in different locations and harsh environments. Calibration and maintenance of sensors also pose significant challenges, as noted by Sasirekha et al [116] and Dronavalli et al [105].…”