Design and Implementation of the Puerto Rico Observational Study of Psychosocial, Environmental, and Chronic Disease Trends (PROSPECT)

Abstract

The Puerto Rico Observational Study of Psychosocial, Environmental, and Chronic Disease Trends (PROSPECT) is a prospective cohort study in Puerto Rico (PR) aiming to identify trends and longitudinal associations in risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In 2019, PROSPECT started recruiting a sample of 2,000 adults, ages 30-75 years, in PR using a multi-stage probabilistic sampling of households and community approaches. Culturally-sensitive trained research assistants assess participants, at baseline and at 2-year follow-up, in private rooms in a network of partner clinics. The study collects comprehensive data on demographics, socioeconomic and environmental factors, medical history, health conditions, lifestyle behaviors, psychosocial status, and biomarkers of CVD and stress. PROSPECT will estimate the prevalence and incidence of psychosocial, lifestyle, and biological CVD risk factors, describe variations in risk factors by urban versus rural area and after natural disasters, and determine predictors of longitudinal changes in CVD risk factors. The study has four coordinated operational strategies: (1) research productivity (including synergy with existing epidemiological cohorts of Hispanics/Latinos for comparison); (2) research infrastructure (biorepository, ancillary studies, and clinical research network); (3) capacity-building, education, and training; and (4) community outreach, dissemination, and policy. PROSPECT will inform public health priorities to help reduce CVD in PR.

Chronic Diseases and Associated Risk Factors Among Adults in Puerto Rico After Hurricane Maria

“…Second, the recruitment strategies, including recruiting in clinics in the San Juan metropolitan area only in the 2015 study, may limit representation of the general Puerto Rico population. This limitation is lessened by the socioeconomic and health profile representation of PRADLAD participants and by the islandwide efforts in PROSPECT—approximately 35% of the PROSPECT sample used in this analysis was recruited from the nonmetropolitan area . Furthermore, the sociodemographic characteristics of the returning participants matched population-wide surveillance data, and there were few differences noted in the characteristics of returning participants vs those whom we could not contact.…”

“…This limitation is lessened by the socioeconomic and health profile representation of PRADLAD participants and by the islandwide efforts in PROSPECT-approximately 35% of the PROSPECT sample used in this analysis was recruited from the nonmetropolitan area. 16,17 Furthermore, the sociodemographic characteristics of the returning participants matched population-wide surveillance data, and there were few differences noted in the characteristics of returning participants vs those whom we could not contact. Using mainland US-based census data for age-standardized estimates may not fully…”

“…The second study was Puerto Rico Observational Study of Psychosocial, Environmental, and Chronic Disease Trends (PROSPECT), an ongoing prospective, population-based cohort study initiated in March 2019, recruiting adults living in all of Puerto Rico. 17 Our analysis used baseline cross-sectional data only. Recruitment in PROSPECT was conducted using a multistaged approach by enumerating potentially eligible households using 2010 Census block frames with socioeconomic and demographic data then randomly inviting 1 participant per qualified household and by advertising at communitywide events and locations.…”

“…The second study was Puerto Rico Observational Study of Psychosocial, Environmental, and Chronic Disease Trends (PROSPECT), an ongoing prospective, population-based cohort study initiated in March 2019, recruiting adults living in all of Puerto Rico . Our analysis used baseline cross-sectional data only.…”

Association between adverse experiences during Hurricane María and mental and emotional distress among adults in Puerto Rico

“…We analyzed data from the Puerto Rico Observational Study of Psychosocial, Environmental, and Chronic Disease Trends (PROSPECT), an ongoing longitudinal study that started in 2019 aiming to recruit 2000 adults (30–75 years) residing in PR [ 15 ]. Participants are recruited using a multistage sampling strategy that includes probabilistic sampling (through census blocks) and community-wide sampling (from partner clinics, social media, referrals, and eligible adults from a previous pilot study [ 16 ]).…”