A wideband hybrid microstrip patch antenna with high bandwidth dimension ratio (BDR) is reported in this research work. The electrical dimension of the presented antenna is 0.268λ Â 0.201λ Â 0.01λ, where λ is the maximum operating wavelength of the antenna. The patch consists of one circle and four parallelograms overlapping with each other. The patch looks like a two dimensional "PINE TREE." The fabricated antenna exhibits return loss less than À10 dB from 2 to 15.40 GHz with a percentage bandwidth of 154% and BDR of 2859. Also a peak gain of 3.3 dBi is achieved at 8 GHz. To improve the peak gain further over the entire frequency band, proposed antenna is combined with a mono layer stop band frequency selective surface (FSS). Without disturbing the original bandwidth, the antenna is mounted on top of 16 unit cell FSS arranged in of 4 Â 4 matrix. When FSS is placed at a suitable minimum distance, maximum gain of 7.22 dBi is achieved by the combined structure. Physical dimension of the proposed FSS combined antenna is 64 Â 64 Â 35.2 mm, which is very much suitable for long range wireless applications. Both the antenna and the FSS are designed and simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Also it is fabricated on FR4 substrate. It has loss tangent (tan theta) of 0.02, dielectric constant of 4.4, and thickness of 1.6 mm. All the simulation results have been validated using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The measured results exhibit good compliance with the simulated results.frequency selective surface, high gain, hybrid, monopole antenna, wideband
| INTRODUCTIONModern day wireless communication technology demands wideband antenna supporting multiple frequency bands with multiple resonant frequencies at the same time. Planar microstrip patch antenna had always been a suitable candidate for wireless communication technologies due to its various advantages like low profile, low cost, and easy integratability with existing systems. But one of the main drawbacks of microstrip patch antenna is narrow impedance bandwidth. But for high data rate wireless communication as well as for high accuracy radar application, high bandwidth has become a necessity. It can be done by increasing channel capacity, and channel capacity increases when