“…However, a new challenge has recently surfaced, manoeuvring attention to innovation in assessment of SAC effectiveness (Choi, 2017;Little, 2017;and Gardner & Miller, 1997) and the introduction of virtual resources and environments (Lai, Shum & Tian, 2016;and Gardner & Miller, 2011) as a response to cultural variation, lack of follow-through on techno-pedagogy, and the growing number of student registrations in our institutions (Gardner, 2017;Alzahrani & Wright, 2016;and Gremmo & Riley, 1995). Second Life (SL) (Rymaszewski, Au, Wallace, Winters, Ondrejka & Batstone-Cunningham, 2007) is one such virtual environment.…”