Design and performance of a high-pressure xenon gas TPC as a prototype for a large-scale neutrinoless double-beta decay search

Migdal effect is attracting interests because of the potential to enhance the sensitivities of direct dark matter searches to the low mass region. In spite of its great importance, the Migdal effect has not been experimentally observed yet. A realistic experimental approach towards the first observation of the Migdal effect in the neutron scattering was studied with Monte Carlo simulations. In this study, potential background rate was studied together with the event rate of the Migdal effect by a neutron source. It was found that a table-top sized ~ (30cm)3 position-sensitive gaseous detector filled with argon or xenon target gas can detect characteristic signatures of the Migdal effect with sufficient rates (O(102 ~ 103) events/day). A simulation result of a simple experimental set-up showed two significant background sources, namely the intrinsic neutrons and the neutron induced gamma-rays. It is found that the intrinsic neutron background rate for the argon gas is acceptable level and some future study for the reduction of the gamma-rays from the laboratory would make the observation of the Migdal effect possible. The background for the xenon gas, on the other hand, is found to be much more serious than for the argon gas. Future works on the isotope separation as well as the reduction of the gamma-rays from the detector and laboratory will be needed before the Migdal effect observation for xenon gas case.

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Detection capability of the Migdal effect for argon and xenon nuclei with position-sensitive gaseous detectors

Nakamura

Miuchi

Kazama

et al. 2020

Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

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High-pressure xenon gas time projection chamber with scalable design and its performance around the Q value of 136Xe double-beta decay

Yoshida,

Nakamura,

Akiyama

et al. 2023

Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

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We have been developing a high-pressure xenon gas time projection chamber (TPC) to search for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay of 136Xe. The unique feature of this TPC is in the detection part of ionization electrons, called ELCC. ELCC is composed of multiple units, and one unit covers 48.5cm2. A 180L size prototype detector with 12 units, 672 channels, of ELCC was constructed and operated with 7.6bar natural xenon gas to evaluate the performance of the detector at around the Q value of 136Xe 0νββ. The obtained FWHM energy resolution is 0.73+-0.11% at 1836keV. This corresponds to 0.60+-0.03% to 0.70+-0.21% of energy resolution at the Q value of 136Xe 0νββ. This result shows the scalability of the AXEL detector with ELCC while maintaining high energy resolution. Factors determining the energy resolution were quantitatively evaluated and the result indicates further improvement is feasible. Reconstructed track images show distinctive structures at the endpoint of electron tracks, which will be an important feature to distinguish 0νββ signals from gamma-ray backgrounds.

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Design and performance of a high-pressure xenon gas TPC as a prototype for a large-scale neutrinoless double-beta decay search

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Detection capability of the Migdal effect for argon and xenon nuclei with position-sensitive gaseous detectors

Detection capability of the Migdal effect for argon and xenon nuclei with position-sensitive gaseous detectors

High-pressure xenon gas time projection chamber with scalable design and its performance around the Q value of 136Xe double-beta decay

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