Design and performance of two-stage reverse osmosis plant

Evangelista, Franco

doi:10.1016/0255-2701(89)80001-7

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In contrast to the reject staging employed by Fan et al (1968Fan et al ( , 1959, one can use permeate staging to enhance the product purity. Such configurations ( Figure 5 ) have been proposed in literature (McCutchan and Goel, 1974;Evangelista, 1989). Influenced by the abovementioned research efforts, industrial practice in installing large-scale RO systems appears to favor two modular structures: the straight-through (or squaredoff) and the tapered (or Christmas-tree) flow arrangements (for example, Rautenbach and Albrecht, 1989;Kimura et al, 1985;van Dijk et al, 1984;and Hwang and Kammermeyer, 1975).…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 94%

Synthesis of reverse‐osmosis networks for waste reduction

1992

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The purpose of this work is to introduce the novel notion of synthesizing reverseosmosis networks ( RONs) for waste-reduction applications. The RON design task aims at synthesizing a network of reverse-osmosis units, booster pumps and energyrecovery devices that can separate a set of waste streams into lean (product) streams and rich (retenate) streams at minimum total annualized cost. A systematic and generally applicable procedure for tackling RON synthesis problems is developed.First, a structural representation is devised to embed all potential network configurations. Then, the problem is formulated as an optimization program whose objective is to minimize the total annualized cost of the network while satisfying all environmental and technical requirements. The solution to this program provides the optimal arrangement, types and sizes of the reverse-osmosis units, the booster pumps, and the energy-recovery turbines to be employed in the net work. Furthermore, the solution also provides the optimum stream distribution, operating conditions, and separation levels. The applicability of the proposed synthesis technique is demonstrated by tackling case studies and comparing the optimal solutions with current industrial practices.introduction Hazardous-waste minimization means the reduction, to the extent feasible, of hazardous waste that is generated prior to the treatment, storage, or disposal of the waste. It represents the most efficient method for preventing the release of hazardous substances to the environment. An effective way of tackling waste-minimization problems is through the use of on-site recycle/reuse separation networks. In addition to its favorable environmental impact, the adoption of this wasterecovery approach can provide an economically attractive waste-management alternative. It can lead to significant energy and raw-materials savings and possibly provide income from the salable wastes. With more than 250 million tons of hazardous wastes disposed of at the generating sites throughout the United States annually (Warren, 1990), the proposition of waste recycle/reuse is becoming an essential industrial practice.The growing awareness of the consequences of discharging effluents into natural resources have lead to corrective measures both voluntary and legislated as demonstrated by the consistent trend to tighten environmental requirements on the concentration of hazardous species in the industrial waste streams. This trend calls for achieving unprecedented and pro-gressively higher degrees of separation. In this context, reverseosmosis "RO" systems are finding growing applications in the field of hazardous-waste minimization. The availability of numerous types of strongly selective membranes makes it possible to accomplish very high separation levels for virtually all hazardous species (for example, Clark, 1990; Palmer et al., 1988;Borup and Middlebrooks, 1987;and Cushnie, 1985). Since RO does not involve phase changes, its energy consumption is normally moderate. By virtue of their size compact...

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 94%

Synthesis of reverse‐osmosis networks for waste reduction

1992

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“…The latter type of network enables a higher maximum product quality by letting the permeate pass through more than one membrane. Membrane separation networks of this type are referred to by different names such as permeate-staged [32], multi-pass [33,34] or multistage [33] congurations. Note that each pass of multi-pass congurations is usually designed as a tapered structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global optimization of multistage binary separation networks

Kunde

Kienle

2018

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

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This work covers general multistage binary separations with application examples in cooling crystallization, evaporative crystallization and organic solvent nanoltration. Deterministic global optimization is applied to identify optimal congurations of multistage separation networks and study their sensitivity to parameter values. Superstructure optimization is conducted for countercurrent cascades and also for general superstructures to identify new multistage congurations. Results show substantially reduced separation eort for alternative congurations in large parameter regions, specically in regions where optimal countercurrent cascades have a low number of stages. General, simple design guidelines for multistage separation with a low number of stages are derived from rigorous global optimization by comparing results for dierent processes.

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The hydraulic TurboCharger™ for interstage feed pressure boosting. Impact on membrane performance, permeate quality, and feed pump energy consumption

Oklejas¹

1992

Desalination

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Design and performance of two-stage reverse osmosis plant

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Synthesis of reverse‐osmosis networks for waste reduction

Synthesis of reverse‐osmosis networks for waste reduction

Global optimization of multistage binary separation networks

The hydraulic TurboCharger™ for interstage feed pressure boosting. Impact on membrane performance, permeate quality, and feed pump energy consumption

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