Design and preliminary evaluation of a portable device for the measurement of bioimpedance spectroscopy

Abstract

Portable bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) devices are of great value for monitoring the pathological status of biological tissues in clinical and home environments. The two traditional techniques for measuring complex bioimpedance, the bridge method and quadrature demodulation method, are either time-consuming or often associated with high cost, high power consumption, and large board space, and therefore are not ideally suitable for designing a portable device for BIS measurement. This paper describes a novel design of a portable BIS device based on the magnitude-ratio and phase-difference detection method and its implementation using the newest generation of analog electronic products which greatly decrease the complexity of both hardware and software. In order to improve the accuracy of the device, a three-reference calibration algorithm was applied. Experimental sweep-frequency measurements on RC circuits were carried out to preliminarily evaluate the performances of the device. The results obtained by the device were found to be in good agreement with the results measured by a commercial impedance analyzer HP4194, with an overall mean error of 0.014% in magnitude and 0.136 degrees in phase over a frequency range of 20 kHz to 1 MHz.

Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for biological analysis and food characterization: a review

“…Later, Atmanand et al presented a portable LCR meter based on the Intel 8751 microcontroller (Atmanand et al, 1995;Atmanand and Kumar, 1996). Yang et al (2006) designed a portable device for bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements, based on the microcontroller PIC18F452 by Microchip and using the integrated circuit AD9833 to generate the test signal, capable of measuring impedances from 9 to 5.7 k in the frequency range 20 kHz to 1 MHz. In 2007, Bogonez and Riu proposed a bioimpedance system, based on microcontroller PIC18F2420 by Microchip, to measure the impedance of kidneys (from 0.07 to 1.4 k ) in the frequency range 200 Hz to 2 MHz (Bogonez and Riu, 2007).…”

A CMOS Magnitude/Phase Measurement Chip for Impedance Spectroscopy

“…In [17][18][19][20] the measurement of magnitude and phase has been proposed as an alternative to the abovementioned techniques. In [17] a discrete component magnitude/phase measurement system was presented using a gain-phase detector AD8302 IC from Analog Devices.…”

“…In [17] a discrete component magnitude/phase measurement system was presented using a gain-phase detector AD8302 IC from Analog Devices. The system performs division using log-domain subtraction of the injected signal across a known resistor minus the measured signal to extract the magnitude.…”

“…The fundamental difference between the proposed topology and those in [17][18][19] is that the magnitude is obtained through multiplication. In practice, the IA has a dc offset voltage.…”

Measurement of bio-impedance on an isolated rat sciatic nerve obtained with specific current stimulating pulses

“…10,11 However, the Z measurement error cannot be fully eliminated due to current flow through the measurement electrodes. As the use of Pt electrodes in selective nerve-stimulation applications (SNS) became indispensable, significant research was dedicated to understanding the electrode-electrolyte interface in "in vivo" and the electrode-nerve tissue interface in "in vivo".…”